Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking and obesity are leading public health concerns. Both increase the risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and metabolic abnormalities. This study was conducted to assess the association between cigarette smoking and different types of obesity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FIN...

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Autores principales: Kim, Jung Hwan, Shim, Kyung Won, Yoon, Yeong Sook, Lee, Sang Yeoup, Kim, Sung Soo, Oh, Sang Woo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3454366/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23029258
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0045815
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author Kim, Jung Hwan
Shim, Kyung Won
Yoon, Yeong Sook
Lee, Sang Yeoup
Kim, Sung Soo
Oh, Sang Woo
author_facet Kim, Jung Hwan
Shim, Kyung Won
Yoon, Yeong Sook
Lee, Sang Yeoup
Kim, Sung Soo
Oh, Sang Woo
author_sort Kim, Jung Hwan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking and obesity are leading public health concerns. Both increase the risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and metabolic abnormalities. This study was conducted to assess the association between cigarette smoking and different types of obesity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Two hundred eighty-three visitors to university hospitals located in four main provinces of South Korea were participated. All participants were classified as either current/past or never smokers and were divided into quartiles according to the total pack-years. Body mass index, waist circumference, total body fat percentage, and area of visceral and abdominal subcutaneous fat were measured. These results of each groups were compared. Waist circumference, and visceral fat area showed a J- or U-shaped association with total smoking amount during a lifetime. After restricting the analyses to past/current smokers, we found significant dose-dependent associations of smoking pack-years with abdominal and visceral obesity. Overall obesity measured by body mass index and total body fat percentage did not show such associations. Although current smokers clearly showed significant associations, we could not demonstrate these in past smokers, possibly because of the limited sample size. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Although smokers did not show significant difference in mean body mass index than those who never smoked, they showed more metabolically adverse fat distributions with increasing smoking amounts. This finding suggests that smoking is not beneficial for weight control. Therefore, smoking cessation and avoidance of smoking commencement should be addressed as important public health issues in preventing obesity and related complications.
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spelling pubmed-34543662012-10-01 Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study Kim, Jung Hwan Shim, Kyung Won Yoon, Yeong Sook Lee, Sang Yeoup Kim, Sung Soo Oh, Sang Woo PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking and obesity are leading public health concerns. Both increase the risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and metabolic abnormalities. This study was conducted to assess the association between cigarette smoking and different types of obesity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Two hundred eighty-three visitors to university hospitals located in four main provinces of South Korea were participated. All participants were classified as either current/past or never smokers and were divided into quartiles according to the total pack-years. Body mass index, waist circumference, total body fat percentage, and area of visceral and abdominal subcutaneous fat were measured. These results of each groups were compared. Waist circumference, and visceral fat area showed a J- or U-shaped association with total smoking amount during a lifetime. After restricting the analyses to past/current smokers, we found significant dose-dependent associations of smoking pack-years with abdominal and visceral obesity. Overall obesity measured by body mass index and total body fat percentage did not show such associations. Although current smokers clearly showed significant associations, we could not demonstrate these in past smokers, possibly because of the limited sample size. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Although smokers did not show significant difference in mean body mass index than those who never smoked, they showed more metabolically adverse fat distributions with increasing smoking amounts. This finding suggests that smoking is not beneficial for weight control. Therefore, smoking cessation and avoidance of smoking commencement should be addressed as important public health issues in preventing obesity and related complications. Public Library of Science 2012-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3454366/ /pubmed/23029258 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0045815 Text en © 2012 Kim et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kim, Jung Hwan
Shim, Kyung Won
Yoon, Yeong Sook
Lee, Sang Yeoup
Kim, Sung Soo
Oh, Sang Woo
Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study
title Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study
title_full Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study
title_fullStr Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study
title_full_unstemmed Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study
title_short Cigarette Smoking Increases Abdominal and Visceral Obesity but Not Overall Fatness: An Observational Study
title_sort cigarette smoking increases abdominal and visceral obesity but not overall fatness: an observational study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3454366/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23029258
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0045815
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