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Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta
Plant organ shape and size are established during growth by a predictable, controlled sequence of cell proliferation, differentiation, and elongation. To understand the regulation and coordination of these processes, we studied the temporal behavior of epidermal and cortex cells in Arabidopsis pedic...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3457992/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23050000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046262 |
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author | Bundy, Mark G. R. Thompson, Olivia A. Sieger, Matthew T. Shpak, Elena D. |
author_facet | Bundy, Mark G. R. Thompson, Olivia A. Sieger, Matthew T. Shpak, Elena D. |
author_sort | Bundy, Mark G. R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plant organ shape and size are established during growth by a predictable, controlled sequence of cell proliferation, differentiation, and elongation. To understand the regulation and coordination of these processes, we studied the temporal behavior of epidermal and cortex cells in Arabidopsis pedicels and used computational modeling to analyze cell behavior in tissues. Pedicels offer multiple advantages for such a study, as their growth is determinate, mostly one dimensional, and epidermis differentiation is uniform along the proximodistal axis. Three developmental stages were distinguished during pedicel growth: a proliferative stage, a stomata differentiation stage, and a cell elongation stage. Throughout the first two stages pedicel growth is exponential, while during the final stage growth becomes linear and depends on flower fertilization. During the first stage, the average cell cycle duration in the cortex and during symmetric divisions of epidermal cells was constant and cells divided at a fairly specific size. We also examined the mutant of ERECTA, a gene with strong influence on pedicel growth. We demonstrate that during the first two stages of pedicel development ERECTA is important for the rate of cell growth along the proximodistal axis and for cell cycle duration in epidermis and cortex. The second function of ERECTA is to prolong the proliferative phase and inhibit premature cell differentiation in the epidermis. Comparison of epidermis development in the wild type and erecta suggests that differentiation is a synchronized event in which the stomata differentiation and the transition of pavement cells from proliferation to expansion are intimately connected. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3457992 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34579922012-10-03 Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta Bundy, Mark G. R. Thompson, Olivia A. Sieger, Matthew T. Shpak, Elena D. PLoS One Research Article Plant organ shape and size are established during growth by a predictable, controlled sequence of cell proliferation, differentiation, and elongation. To understand the regulation and coordination of these processes, we studied the temporal behavior of epidermal and cortex cells in Arabidopsis pedicels and used computational modeling to analyze cell behavior in tissues. Pedicels offer multiple advantages for such a study, as their growth is determinate, mostly one dimensional, and epidermis differentiation is uniform along the proximodistal axis. Three developmental stages were distinguished during pedicel growth: a proliferative stage, a stomata differentiation stage, and a cell elongation stage. Throughout the first two stages pedicel growth is exponential, while during the final stage growth becomes linear and depends on flower fertilization. During the first stage, the average cell cycle duration in the cortex and during symmetric divisions of epidermal cells was constant and cells divided at a fairly specific size. We also examined the mutant of ERECTA, a gene with strong influence on pedicel growth. We demonstrate that during the first two stages of pedicel development ERECTA is important for the rate of cell growth along the proximodistal axis and for cell cycle duration in epidermis and cortex. The second function of ERECTA is to prolong the proliferative phase and inhibit premature cell differentiation in the epidermis. Comparison of epidermis development in the wild type and erecta suggests that differentiation is a synchronized event in which the stomata differentiation and the transition of pavement cells from proliferation to expansion are intimately connected. Public Library of Science 2012-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3457992/ /pubmed/23050000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046262 Text en © 2012 Bundy et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Bundy, Mark G. R. Thompson, Olivia A. Sieger, Matthew T. Shpak, Elena D. Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta |
title | Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta
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title_full | Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta
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title_fullStr | Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta
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title_full_unstemmed | Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta
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title_short | Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in Epidermis and Cortex of Arabidopsis pedicels in the Wild Type and in erecta
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title_sort | patterns of cell division, cell differentiation and cell elongation in epidermis and cortex of arabidopsis pedicels in the wild type and in erecta |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3457992/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23050000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046262 |
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