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Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol

BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated an association between the exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) and childhood asthma. Evidence is suggesting that several air pollutants may contribute to both exacerbation and development of asthma, but some uncertainty remains concerning the specific...

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Autores principales: Sousa, Sofia I V, Ferraz, Catarina, Alvim-Ferraz, Maria C M, Vaz, Luisa G, Marques, Agostinho J, Martins, Fernando G
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3461453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22694910
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-435
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author Sousa, Sofia I V
Ferraz, Catarina
Alvim-Ferraz, Maria C M
Vaz, Luisa G
Marques, Agostinho J
Martins, Fernando G
author_facet Sousa, Sofia I V
Ferraz, Catarina
Alvim-Ferraz, Maria C M
Vaz, Luisa G
Marques, Agostinho J
Martins, Fernando G
author_sort Sousa, Sofia I V
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated an association between the exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) and childhood asthma. Evidence is suggesting that several air pollutants may contribute to both exacerbation and development of asthma, but some uncertainty remains concerning the specific causative role of IAP. This paper reports an epidemiologic study aiming to reduce the existing lacks on the association between long-term exposure to pollution mixtures and the development and exacerbation of childhood asthma. METHODS/DESIGN: Based on the implementation of the study in 8 nurseries and 8 primary schools, from which, 2 nurseries and 2 primary schools in sites influenced by traffic and other 2 nurseries and 2 primary schools in background sites at urban and rural areas, the study will analyse the exposure to both urban and rural pollution as well as to traffic emissions (some homes of the children will be included in the study). Furthermore, based on the answers to validated questionnaires (as those used in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood - ISAAC) filled in by the parents and on medical exams, the study will assess the prevalence, incidence and exacerbation of asthma, thus considering both short and long-term effects. The approximate number of children in the study will never be less than 600, guaranteeing 80% of study power (significant at a 5% level). DISCUSSION: This study intends to contribute for the understanding of the role of environmental factors, namely indoor air pollution, on asthma considering a risk group of different ages, and for the development of preventive measures, which are considered priority issues by the European Commission, according to the European Environmental Agency and the World Health Organization.
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spelling pubmed-34614532012-10-02 Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol Sousa, Sofia I V Ferraz, Catarina Alvim-Ferraz, Maria C M Vaz, Luisa G Marques, Agostinho J Martins, Fernando G BMC Public Health Study Protocol BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated an association between the exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) and childhood asthma. Evidence is suggesting that several air pollutants may contribute to both exacerbation and development of asthma, but some uncertainty remains concerning the specific causative role of IAP. This paper reports an epidemiologic study aiming to reduce the existing lacks on the association between long-term exposure to pollution mixtures and the development and exacerbation of childhood asthma. METHODS/DESIGN: Based on the implementation of the study in 8 nurseries and 8 primary schools, from which, 2 nurseries and 2 primary schools in sites influenced by traffic and other 2 nurseries and 2 primary schools in background sites at urban and rural areas, the study will analyse the exposure to both urban and rural pollution as well as to traffic emissions (some homes of the children will be included in the study). Furthermore, based on the answers to validated questionnaires (as those used in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood - ISAAC) filled in by the parents and on medical exams, the study will assess the prevalence, incidence and exacerbation of asthma, thus considering both short and long-term effects. The approximate number of children in the study will never be less than 600, guaranteeing 80% of study power (significant at a 5% level). DISCUSSION: This study intends to contribute for the understanding of the role of environmental factors, namely indoor air pollution, on asthma considering a risk group of different ages, and for the development of preventive measures, which are considered priority issues by the European Commission, according to the European Environmental Agency and the World Health Organization. BioMed Central 2012-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC3461453/ /pubmed/22694910 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-435 Text en Copyright ©2012 Sousa et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Study Protocol
Sousa, Sofia I V
Ferraz, Catarina
Alvim-Ferraz, Maria C M
Vaz, Luisa G
Marques, Agostinho J
Martins, Fernando G
Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol
title Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol
title_full Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol
title_fullStr Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol
title_full_unstemmed Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol
title_short Indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol
title_sort indoor air pollution on nurseries and primary schools: impact on childhood asthma – study protocol
topic Study Protocol
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3461453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22694910
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-435
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