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Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism

BACKGROUND: We discovered the gene Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (Cthrc1) and reported its developmental expression and induction in adventitial cells of injured arteries and dermal cells of skin wounds. The role of Cthrc1 in normal adult tissues has not yet been determined. METHODOLOGY/...

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Autores principales: Stohn, J. Patrizia, Perreault, Nicole G., Wang, Qiaozeng, Liaw, Lucy, Lindner, Volkhard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3466254/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23056600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047142
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author Stohn, J. Patrizia
Perreault, Nicole G.
Wang, Qiaozeng
Liaw, Lucy
Lindner, Volkhard
author_facet Stohn, J. Patrizia
Perreault, Nicole G.
Wang, Qiaozeng
Liaw, Lucy
Lindner, Volkhard
author_sort Stohn, J. Patrizia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: We discovered the gene Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (Cthrc1) and reported its developmental expression and induction in adventitial cells of injured arteries and dermal cells of skin wounds. The role of Cthrc1 in normal adult tissues has not yet been determined. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We generated mutant mice with a novel Cthrc1 null allele by homologues recombination. Cthrc1 null mice appeared developmentally normal. On the C57BL/6J background, livers from Cthrc1 null mice accumulated vast quantities of lipid, leading to extensive macrovesicular steatosis. Glycogen levels in skeletal muscle and liver of Cthrc1 null mice on the 129S6/SvEv background were significantly increased. However, Cthrc1 expression is not detectable in these tissues in wild-type mice, suggesting that the lipid and glycogen storage phenotype may be a secondary effect due to loss of Cthrc1 production at a distant site. To investigate potential hormonal functions of Cthrc1, tissues from adult mice and pigs were examined for Cthrc1 expression by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal anti-Cthrc1 antibodies. In pigs, Cthrc1 was detected around chromophobe cells of the anterior pituitary, and storage of Cthrc1 was observed in colloid-filled follicles and the pituitary cleft. Pituitary follicles have been observed in numerous vertebrates including humans but none of the known pituitary hormones have hitherto been detected in them. In C57BL/6J mice, however, Cthrc1 was predominantly expressed in the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus but not in the posterior pituitary. In human plasma, we detected Cthrc1 in pg/ml quantities and studies with (125)I-labeled Cthrc1 revealed a half-life of 2.5 hours in circulation. The highest level of Cthrc1 binding was observed in the liver. CONCLUSIONS: Cthrc1 has characteristics of a circulating hormone generated from the anterior pituitary, hypothalamus and bone. Hormonal functions of Cthrc1 include regulation of lipid storage and cellular glycogen levels with potentially broad implications for cell metabolism and physiology.
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spelling pubmed-34662542012-10-10 Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism Stohn, J. Patrizia Perreault, Nicole G. Wang, Qiaozeng Liaw, Lucy Lindner, Volkhard PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: We discovered the gene Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (Cthrc1) and reported its developmental expression and induction in adventitial cells of injured arteries and dermal cells of skin wounds. The role of Cthrc1 in normal adult tissues has not yet been determined. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We generated mutant mice with a novel Cthrc1 null allele by homologues recombination. Cthrc1 null mice appeared developmentally normal. On the C57BL/6J background, livers from Cthrc1 null mice accumulated vast quantities of lipid, leading to extensive macrovesicular steatosis. Glycogen levels in skeletal muscle and liver of Cthrc1 null mice on the 129S6/SvEv background were significantly increased. However, Cthrc1 expression is not detectable in these tissues in wild-type mice, suggesting that the lipid and glycogen storage phenotype may be a secondary effect due to loss of Cthrc1 production at a distant site. To investigate potential hormonal functions of Cthrc1, tissues from adult mice and pigs were examined for Cthrc1 expression by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal anti-Cthrc1 antibodies. In pigs, Cthrc1 was detected around chromophobe cells of the anterior pituitary, and storage of Cthrc1 was observed in colloid-filled follicles and the pituitary cleft. Pituitary follicles have been observed in numerous vertebrates including humans but none of the known pituitary hormones have hitherto been detected in them. In C57BL/6J mice, however, Cthrc1 was predominantly expressed in the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus but not in the posterior pituitary. In human plasma, we detected Cthrc1 in pg/ml quantities and studies with (125)I-labeled Cthrc1 revealed a half-life of 2.5 hours in circulation. The highest level of Cthrc1 binding was observed in the liver. CONCLUSIONS: Cthrc1 has characteristics of a circulating hormone generated from the anterior pituitary, hypothalamus and bone. Hormonal functions of Cthrc1 include regulation of lipid storage and cellular glycogen levels with potentially broad implications for cell metabolism and physiology. Public Library of Science 2012-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3466254/ /pubmed/23056600 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047142 Text en © 2012 Stohn et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Stohn, J. Patrizia
Perreault, Nicole G.
Wang, Qiaozeng
Liaw, Lucy
Lindner, Volkhard
Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism
title Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism
title_full Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism
title_fullStr Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism
title_short Cthrc1, a Novel Circulating Hormone Regulating Metabolism
title_sort cthrc1, a novel circulating hormone regulating metabolism
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3466254/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23056600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047142
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