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Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer

By restoring mitochondrial function, methylene blue (MB) is an effective neuroprotectant in many neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases). MB has also been proposed as a brain metabolic enhancer because of its action on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. We used in vitro...

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Autores principales: Lin, Ai-Ling, Poteet, Ethan, Du, Fang, Gourav, Roy C., Liu, Ran, Wen, Yi, Bresnen, Andrew, Huang, Shiliang, Fox, Peter T., Yang, Shao-Hua, Duong, Timothy Q.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3467226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23056355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046585
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author Lin, Ai-Ling
Poteet, Ethan
Du, Fang
Gourav, Roy C.
Liu, Ran
Wen, Yi
Bresnen, Andrew
Huang, Shiliang
Fox, Peter T.
Yang, Shao-Hua
Duong, Timothy Q.
author_facet Lin, Ai-Ling
Poteet, Ethan
Du, Fang
Gourav, Roy C.
Liu, Ran
Wen, Yi
Bresnen, Andrew
Huang, Shiliang
Fox, Peter T.
Yang, Shao-Hua
Duong, Timothy Q.
author_sort Lin, Ai-Ling
collection PubMed
description By restoring mitochondrial function, methylene blue (MB) is an effective neuroprotectant in many neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases). MB has also been proposed as a brain metabolic enhancer because of its action on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to determine how MB affects brain metabolism and hemodynamics. For in vitro, we evaluated the effect of MB on brain mitochondrial function, oxygen consumption, and glucose uptake. For in vivo, we applied neuroimaging and intravenous measurements to determine MB’s effect on glucose uptake, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in rats. MB significantly increases mitochondrial complex I–III activity in isolated mitochondria and enhances oxygen consumption and glucose uptake in HT-22 cells. Using positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed significant increases in brain glucose uptake, CBF, and CMRO(2) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Further, MRI revealed that MB dramatically increased CBF in the hippocampus and in the cingulate, motor, and frontoparietal cortices, areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Our results suggest that MB can enhance brain metabolism and hemodynamics, and multimetric neuroimaging systems offer a noninvasive, nondestructive way to evaluate treatment efficacy.
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spelling pubmed-34672262012-10-10 Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer Lin, Ai-Ling Poteet, Ethan Du, Fang Gourav, Roy C. Liu, Ran Wen, Yi Bresnen, Andrew Huang, Shiliang Fox, Peter T. Yang, Shao-Hua Duong, Timothy Q. PLoS One Research Article By restoring mitochondrial function, methylene blue (MB) is an effective neuroprotectant in many neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases). MB has also been proposed as a brain metabolic enhancer because of its action on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to determine how MB affects brain metabolism and hemodynamics. For in vitro, we evaluated the effect of MB on brain mitochondrial function, oxygen consumption, and glucose uptake. For in vivo, we applied neuroimaging and intravenous measurements to determine MB’s effect on glucose uptake, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in rats. MB significantly increases mitochondrial complex I–III activity in isolated mitochondria and enhances oxygen consumption and glucose uptake in HT-22 cells. Using positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed significant increases in brain glucose uptake, CBF, and CMRO(2) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Further, MRI revealed that MB dramatically increased CBF in the hippocampus and in the cingulate, motor, and frontoparietal cortices, areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Our results suggest that MB can enhance brain metabolism and hemodynamics, and multimetric neuroimaging systems offer a noninvasive, nondestructive way to evaluate treatment efficacy. Public Library of Science 2012-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3467226/ /pubmed/23056355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046585 Text en © 2012 Lin et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Lin, Ai-Ling
Poteet, Ethan
Du, Fang
Gourav, Roy C.
Liu, Ran
Wen, Yi
Bresnen, Andrew
Huang, Shiliang
Fox, Peter T.
Yang, Shao-Hua
Duong, Timothy Q.
Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer
title Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer
title_full Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer
title_fullStr Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer
title_full_unstemmed Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer
title_short Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer
title_sort methylene blue as a cerebral metabolic and hemodynamic enhancer
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3467226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23056355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046585
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