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Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer
By restoring mitochondrial function, methylene blue (MB) is an effective neuroprotectant in many neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases). MB has also been proposed as a brain metabolic enhancer because of its action on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. We used in vitro...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3467226/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23056355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046585 |
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author | Lin, Ai-Ling Poteet, Ethan Du, Fang Gourav, Roy C. Liu, Ran Wen, Yi Bresnen, Andrew Huang, Shiliang Fox, Peter T. Yang, Shao-Hua Duong, Timothy Q. |
author_facet | Lin, Ai-Ling Poteet, Ethan Du, Fang Gourav, Roy C. Liu, Ran Wen, Yi Bresnen, Andrew Huang, Shiliang Fox, Peter T. Yang, Shao-Hua Duong, Timothy Q. |
author_sort | Lin, Ai-Ling |
collection | PubMed |
description | By restoring mitochondrial function, methylene blue (MB) is an effective neuroprotectant in many neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases). MB has also been proposed as a brain metabolic enhancer because of its action on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to determine how MB affects brain metabolism and hemodynamics. For in vitro, we evaluated the effect of MB on brain mitochondrial function, oxygen consumption, and glucose uptake. For in vivo, we applied neuroimaging and intravenous measurements to determine MB’s effect on glucose uptake, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in rats. MB significantly increases mitochondrial complex I–III activity in isolated mitochondria and enhances oxygen consumption and glucose uptake in HT-22 cells. Using positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed significant increases in brain glucose uptake, CBF, and CMRO(2) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Further, MRI revealed that MB dramatically increased CBF in the hippocampus and in the cingulate, motor, and frontoparietal cortices, areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Our results suggest that MB can enhance brain metabolism and hemodynamics, and multimetric neuroimaging systems offer a noninvasive, nondestructive way to evaluate treatment efficacy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3467226 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34672262012-10-10 Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer Lin, Ai-Ling Poteet, Ethan Du, Fang Gourav, Roy C. Liu, Ran Wen, Yi Bresnen, Andrew Huang, Shiliang Fox, Peter T. Yang, Shao-Hua Duong, Timothy Q. PLoS One Research Article By restoring mitochondrial function, methylene blue (MB) is an effective neuroprotectant in many neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases). MB has also been proposed as a brain metabolic enhancer because of its action on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to determine how MB affects brain metabolism and hemodynamics. For in vitro, we evaluated the effect of MB on brain mitochondrial function, oxygen consumption, and glucose uptake. For in vivo, we applied neuroimaging and intravenous measurements to determine MB’s effect on glucose uptake, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in rats. MB significantly increases mitochondrial complex I–III activity in isolated mitochondria and enhances oxygen consumption and glucose uptake in HT-22 cells. Using positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed significant increases in brain glucose uptake, CBF, and CMRO(2) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Further, MRI revealed that MB dramatically increased CBF in the hippocampus and in the cingulate, motor, and frontoparietal cortices, areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Our results suggest that MB can enhance brain metabolism and hemodynamics, and multimetric neuroimaging systems offer a noninvasive, nondestructive way to evaluate treatment efficacy. Public Library of Science 2012-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3467226/ /pubmed/23056355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046585 Text en © 2012 Lin et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lin, Ai-Ling Poteet, Ethan Du, Fang Gourav, Roy C. Liu, Ran Wen, Yi Bresnen, Andrew Huang, Shiliang Fox, Peter T. Yang, Shao-Hua Duong, Timothy Q. Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer |
title | Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer |
title_full | Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer |
title_fullStr | Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer |
title_short | Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer |
title_sort | methylene blue as a cerebral metabolic and hemodynamic enhancer |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3467226/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23056355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046585 |
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