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Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Identifying the causative relationship between the fatty acid composition of cell membranes and type 2 diabetes mellitus fundamentally contributes to the understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. Important outcomes of the reviewed studies appear to support the hypothes...

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Autor principal: Weijers, Rob N.M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Science Publishers 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3474953/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22698081
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339912802083531
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author Weijers, Rob N.M.
author_facet Weijers, Rob N.M.
author_sort Weijers, Rob N.M.
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description Identifying the causative relationship between the fatty acid composition of cell membranes and type 2 diabetes mellitus fundamentally contributes to the understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. Important outcomes of the reviewed studies appear to support the hypotheses that the flexibility of a membrane determined by the ratio of (poly)unsaturated to saturated fatty acyl chains of its phospholipids influences the effectiveness of glucose transport by insulin-independent glucose transporters (GLUTs) and the insulin-dependent GLUT4, and from the prediabetic stage on a shift from unsaturated towards saturated fatty acyl chains of membrane phospholipids directly induces a decrease in glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity. In addition, it has become evident that a concomitant increase in stiffness of both plasma and erythrocyte membranes may decrease the microcirculatory flow, leading ultimately to tissue hypoxia, insufficient tissue nutrition, and diabetes-specific microvascular pathology. As to the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a revised hypothesis that attempts to accommodate the reviewed findings is presented.
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spelling pubmed-34749532012-10-22 Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Weijers, Rob N.M. Curr Diabetes Rev Article Identifying the causative relationship between the fatty acid composition of cell membranes and type 2 diabetes mellitus fundamentally contributes to the understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. Important outcomes of the reviewed studies appear to support the hypotheses that the flexibility of a membrane determined by the ratio of (poly)unsaturated to saturated fatty acyl chains of its phospholipids influences the effectiveness of glucose transport by insulin-independent glucose transporters (GLUTs) and the insulin-dependent GLUT4, and from the prediabetic stage on a shift from unsaturated towards saturated fatty acyl chains of membrane phospholipids directly induces a decrease in glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity. In addition, it has become evident that a concomitant increase in stiffness of both plasma and erythrocyte membranes may decrease the microcirculatory flow, leading ultimately to tissue hypoxia, insufficient tissue nutrition, and diabetes-specific microvascular pathology. As to the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a revised hypothesis that attempts to accommodate the reviewed findings is presented. Bentham Science Publishers 2012-09 2012-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3474953/ /pubmed/22698081 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339912802083531 Text en © 2012 Bentham Science Publishers http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestrictive use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Weijers, Rob N.M.
Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_full Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_fullStr Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_full_unstemmed Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_short Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_sort lipid composition of cell membranes and its relevance in type 2 diabetes mellitus
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3474953/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22698081
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339912802083531
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