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Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates
Bird schistosomes, besides being responsible for bird schistosomiasis, are known as causative agents of cercarial dermatitis. Cercarial dermatitis develops after repeated contact with cercariae, mainly of the genus Trichobilharzia, and was described as a type I, immediate hypersensitivity response,...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480016/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23125918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/761968 |
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author | Lucie, Lichtenbergová Petr, Horák |
author_facet | Lucie, Lichtenbergová Petr, Horák |
author_sort | Lucie, Lichtenbergová |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bird schistosomes, besides being responsible for bird schistosomiasis, are known as causative agents of cercarial dermatitis. Cercarial dermatitis develops after repeated contact with cercariae, mainly of the genus Trichobilharzia, and was described as a type I, immediate hypersensitivity response, followed by a late phase reaction. The immune response is Th2 polarized. Primary infection leads to an inflammatory reaction that is insufficient to eliminate the schistosomes and schistosomula may continue its migration through the body of avian as well as mammalian hosts. However, reinfections of experimental mice revealed an immune reaction leading to destruction of the majority of schistosomula in the skin. Infection with the nasal schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti probably represents a higher health risk than infections with visceral schistosomes. After the skin penetration by the cercariae, parasites migrate via the peripheral nerves, spinal cord to the brain, and terminate their life cycle in the nasal mucosa of waterfowl where they lay eggs. T. regenti can also get over skin barrier and migrate to CNS of experimental mice. During heavy infections, neuroinfections of both birds and mammals lead to the development of a cellular immune response and axonal damage in the vicinity of the schistosomulum. Such infections are manifest by neuromotor disorders. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3480016 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34800162012-11-02 Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates Lucie, Lichtenbergová Petr, Horák J Parasitol Res Review Article Bird schistosomes, besides being responsible for bird schistosomiasis, are known as causative agents of cercarial dermatitis. Cercarial dermatitis develops after repeated contact with cercariae, mainly of the genus Trichobilharzia, and was described as a type I, immediate hypersensitivity response, followed by a late phase reaction. The immune response is Th2 polarized. Primary infection leads to an inflammatory reaction that is insufficient to eliminate the schistosomes and schistosomula may continue its migration through the body of avian as well as mammalian hosts. However, reinfections of experimental mice revealed an immune reaction leading to destruction of the majority of schistosomula in the skin. Infection with the nasal schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti probably represents a higher health risk than infections with visceral schistosomes. After the skin penetration by the cercariae, parasites migrate via the peripheral nerves, spinal cord to the brain, and terminate their life cycle in the nasal mucosa of waterfowl where they lay eggs. T. regenti can also get over skin barrier and migrate to CNS of experimental mice. During heavy infections, neuroinfections of both birds and mammals lead to the development of a cellular immune response and axonal damage in the vicinity of the schistosomulum. Such infections are manifest by neuromotor disorders. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3480016/ /pubmed/23125918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/761968 Text en Copyright © 2012 L. Lucie and H. Petr. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Lucie, Lichtenbergová Petr, Horák Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates |
title | Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates |
title_full | Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates |
title_fullStr | Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates |
title_full_unstemmed | Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates |
title_short | Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates |
title_sort | pathogenicity of trichobilharzia spp. for vertebrates |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480016/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23125918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/761968 |
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