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Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates

Bird schistosomes, besides being responsible for bird schistosomiasis, are known as causative agents of cercarial dermatitis. Cercarial dermatitis develops after repeated contact with cercariae, mainly of the genus Trichobilharzia, and was described as a type I, immediate hypersensitivity response,...

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Autores principales: Lucie, Lichtenbergová, Petr, Horák
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480016/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23125918
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/761968
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author Lucie, Lichtenbergová
Petr, Horák
author_facet Lucie, Lichtenbergová
Petr, Horák
author_sort Lucie, Lichtenbergová
collection PubMed
description Bird schistosomes, besides being responsible for bird schistosomiasis, are known as causative agents of cercarial dermatitis. Cercarial dermatitis develops after repeated contact with cercariae, mainly of the genus Trichobilharzia, and was described as a type I, immediate hypersensitivity response, followed by a late phase reaction. The immune response is Th2 polarized. Primary infection leads to an inflammatory reaction that is insufficient to eliminate the schistosomes and schistosomula may continue its migration through the body of avian as well as mammalian hosts. However, reinfections of experimental mice revealed an immune reaction leading to destruction of the majority of schistosomula in the skin. Infection with the nasal schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti probably represents a higher health risk than infections with visceral schistosomes. After the skin penetration by the cercariae, parasites migrate via the peripheral nerves, spinal cord to the brain, and terminate their life cycle in the nasal mucosa of waterfowl where they lay eggs. T. regenti can also get over skin barrier and migrate to CNS of experimental mice. During heavy infections, neuroinfections of both birds and mammals lead to the development of a cellular immune response and axonal damage in the vicinity of the schistosomulum. Such infections are manifest by neuromotor disorders.
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spelling pubmed-34800162012-11-02 Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates Lucie, Lichtenbergová Petr, Horák J Parasitol Res Review Article Bird schistosomes, besides being responsible for bird schistosomiasis, are known as causative agents of cercarial dermatitis. Cercarial dermatitis develops after repeated contact with cercariae, mainly of the genus Trichobilharzia, and was described as a type I, immediate hypersensitivity response, followed by a late phase reaction. The immune response is Th2 polarized. Primary infection leads to an inflammatory reaction that is insufficient to eliminate the schistosomes and schistosomula may continue its migration through the body of avian as well as mammalian hosts. However, reinfections of experimental mice revealed an immune reaction leading to destruction of the majority of schistosomula in the skin. Infection with the nasal schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti probably represents a higher health risk than infections with visceral schistosomes. After the skin penetration by the cercariae, parasites migrate via the peripheral nerves, spinal cord to the brain, and terminate their life cycle in the nasal mucosa of waterfowl where they lay eggs. T. regenti can also get over skin barrier and migrate to CNS of experimental mice. During heavy infections, neuroinfections of both birds and mammals lead to the development of a cellular immune response and axonal damage in the vicinity of the schistosomulum. Such infections are manifest by neuromotor disorders. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3480016/ /pubmed/23125918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/761968 Text en Copyright © 2012 L. Lucie and H. Petr. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Lucie, Lichtenbergová
Petr, Horák
Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates
title Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates
title_full Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates
title_fullStr Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates
title_full_unstemmed Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates
title_short Pathogenicity of Trichobilharzia spp. for Vertebrates
title_sort pathogenicity of trichobilharzia spp. for vertebrates
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480016/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23125918
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/761968
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