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Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation

During differentiation, many cells reorganize their microtubule cytoskeleton into noncentrosomal arrays. Although these microtubules are likely organized to meet the physiological roles of their tissues, their functions in most cell types remain unexplored. In the epidermis, differentiation induces...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sumigray, Kaelyn D., Foote, Henry P., Lechler, Terry
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3483132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23091070
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201206143
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author Sumigray, Kaelyn D.
Foote, Henry P.
Lechler, Terry
author_facet Sumigray, Kaelyn D.
Foote, Henry P.
Lechler, Terry
author_sort Sumigray, Kaelyn D.
collection PubMed
description During differentiation, many cells reorganize their microtubule cytoskeleton into noncentrosomal arrays. Although these microtubules are likely organized to meet the physiological roles of their tissues, their functions in most cell types remain unexplored. In the epidermis, differentiation induces the reorganization of microtubules to cell–cell junctions in a desmosome-dependent manner. Here, we recapitulate the reorganization of microtubules in cultured epidermal cells. Using this reorganization assay, we show that cortical microtubules recruit myosin II to the cell cortex in order to engage adherens junctions, resulting in an increase in mechanical integrity of the cell sheets. Cortical microtubules and engaged adherens junctions, in turn, increase tight junction function. In vivo, disruption of microtubules or loss of myosin IIA and B resulted in loss of tight junction–mediated barrier activity. We propose that noncentrosomal microtubules act through myosin II recruitment to potentiate cell adhesion in the differentiating epidermis, thus forming a robust mechanical and chemical barrier against the external environment.
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spelling pubmed-34831322013-04-29 Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation Sumigray, Kaelyn D. Foote, Henry P. Lechler, Terry J Cell Biol Research Articles During differentiation, many cells reorganize their microtubule cytoskeleton into noncentrosomal arrays. Although these microtubules are likely organized to meet the physiological roles of their tissues, their functions in most cell types remain unexplored. In the epidermis, differentiation induces the reorganization of microtubules to cell–cell junctions in a desmosome-dependent manner. Here, we recapitulate the reorganization of microtubules in cultured epidermal cells. Using this reorganization assay, we show that cortical microtubules recruit myosin II to the cell cortex in order to engage adherens junctions, resulting in an increase in mechanical integrity of the cell sheets. Cortical microtubules and engaged adherens junctions, in turn, increase tight junction function. In vivo, disruption of microtubules or loss of myosin IIA and B resulted in loss of tight junction–mediated barrier activity. We propose that noncentrosomal microtubules act through myosin II recruitment to potentiate cell adhesion in the differentiating epidermis, thus forming a robust mechanical and chemical barrier against the external environment. The Rockefeller University Press 2012-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3483132/ /pubmed/23091070 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201206143 Text en © 2012 Sumigray et al. This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).
spellingShingle Research Articles
Sumigray, Kaelyn D.
Foote, Henry P.
Lechler, Terry
Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
title Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
title_full Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
title_fullStr Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
title_full_unstemmed Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
title_short Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
title_sort noncentrosomal microtubules and type ii myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3483132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23091070
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201206143
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