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Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation
During differentiation, many cells reorganize their microtubule cytoskeleton into noncentrosomal arrays. Although these microtubules are likely organized to meet the physiological roles of their tissues, their functions in most cell types remain unexplored. In the epidermis, differentiation induces...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Rockefeller University Press
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3483132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23091070 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201206143 |
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author | Sumigray, Kaelyn D. Foote, Henry P. Lechler, Terry |
author_facet | Sumigray, Kaelyn D. Foote, Henry P. Lechler, Terry |
author_sort | Sumigray, Kaelyn D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | During differentiation, many cells reorganize their microtubule cytoskeleton into noncentrosomal arrays. Although these microtubules are likely organized to meet the physiological roles of their tissues, their functions in most cell types remain unexplored. In the epidermis, differentiation induces the reorganization of microtubules to cell–cell junctions in a desmosome-dependent manner. Here, we recapitulate the reorganization of microtubules in cultured epidermal cells. Using this reorganization assay, we show that cortical microtubules recruit myosin II to the cell cortex in order to engage adherens junctions, resulting in an increase in mechanical integrity of the cell sheets. Cortical microtubules and engaged adherens junctions, in turn, increase tight junction function. In vivo, disruption of microtubules or loss of myosin IIA and B resulted in loss of tight junction–mediated barrier activity. We propose that noncentrosomal microtubules act through myosin II recruitment to potentiate cell adhesion in the differentiating epidermis, thus forming a robust mechanical and chemical barrier against the external environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3483132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | The Rockefeller University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34831322013-04-29 Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation Sumigray, Kaelyn D. Foote, Henry P. Lechler, Terry J Cell Biol Research Articles During differentiation, many cells reorganize their microtubule cytoskeleton into noncentrosomal arrays. Although these microtubules are likely organized to meet the physiological roles of their tissues, their functions in most cell types remain unexplored. In the epidermis, differentiation induces the reorganization of microtubules to cell–cell junctions in a desmosome-dependent manner. Here, we recapitulate the reorganization of microtubules in cultured epidermal cells. Using this reorganization assay, we show that cortical microtubules recruit myosin II to the cell cortex in order to engage adherens junctions, resulting in an increase in mechanical integrity of the cell sheets. Cortical microtubules and engaged adherens junctions, in turn, increase tight junction function. In vivo, disruption of microtubules or loss of myosin IIA and B resulted in loss of tight junction–mediated barrier activity. We propose that noncentrosomal microtubules act through myosin II recruitment to potentiate cell adhesion in the differentiating epidermis, thus forming a robust mechanical and chemical barrier against the external environment. The Rockefeller University Press 2012-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3483132/ /pubmed/23091070 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201206143 Text en © 2012 Sumigray et al. This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Sumigray, Kaelyn D. Foote, Henry P. Lechler, Terry Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation |
title | Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation |
title_full | Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation |
title_fullStr | Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation |
title_full_unstemmed | Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation |
title_short | Noncentrosomal microtubules and type II myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation |
title_sort | noncentrosomal microtubules and type ii myosins potentiate epidermal cell adhesion and barrier formation |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3483132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23091070 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201206143 |
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