Cargando…

Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction

A filamentous fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is a causal agent of rice blast disease, which is one of the most serious diseases affecting cultivated rice, Oryza sativa. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying both rice defense and fungal attack are not yet fully understood. Extensive past studies...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kawahara, Yoshihiro, Oono, Youko, Kanamori, Hiroyuki, Matsumoto, Takashi, Itoh, Takeshi, Minami, Eiichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3490861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139845
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049423
_version_ 1782248889763495936
author Kawahara, Yoshihiro
Oono, Youko
Kanamori, Hiroyuki
Matsumoto, Takashi
Itoh, Takeshi
Minami, Eiichi
author_facet Kawahara, Yoshihiro
Oono, Youko
Kanamori, Hiroyuki
Matsumoto, Takashi
Itoh, Takeshi
Minami, Eiichi
author_sort Kawahara, Yoshihiro
collection PubMed
description A filamentous fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is a causal agent of rice blast disease, which is one of the most serious diseases affecting cultivated rice, Oryza sativa. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying both rice defense and fungal attack are not yet fully understood. Extensive past studies have characterized many infection-responsive genes in the pathogen and host plant, separately. To understand the plant-pathogen interaction comprehensively, it is valuable to monitor the gene expression profiles of both interacting organisms simultaneously in the same infected plant tissue. Although the host-pathogen interaction during the initial infection stage is important for the establishment of infection, the detection of fungal gene expression in infected leaves at the stage has been difficult because very few numbers of fungal cells are present. Using the emerging RNA-Seq technique, which has a wide dynamic range for expression analyses, we analyzed the mixed transcriptome of rice and blast fungus in infected leaves at 24 hours post-inoculation, which is the point when the primary infection hyphae penetrate leaf epidermal cells. We demonstrated that our method detected the gene expression of both the host plant and pathogen simultaneously in the same infected leaf blades in natural infection conditions without any artificial treatments. The upregulation of 240 fungal transcripts encoding putative secreted proteins was observed, suggesting that these candidates of fungal effector genes may play important roles in initial infection processes. The upregulation of transcripts encoding glycosyl hydrolases, cutinases and LysM domain-containing proteins were observed in the blast fungus, whereas pathogenesis-related and phytoalexin biosynthetic genes were upregulated in rice. Furthermore, more drastic changes in expression were observed in the incompatible interactions compared with the compatible ones in both rice and blast fungus at this stage. Our mixed transcriptome analysis is useful for the simultaneous elucidation of the tactics of host plant defense and pathogen attack.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3490861
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2012
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-34908612012-11-08 Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction Kawahara, Yoshihiro Oono, Youko Kanamori, Hiroyuki Matsumoto, Takashi Itoh, Takeshi Minami, Eiichi PLoS One Research Article A filamentous fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is a causal agent of rice blast disease, which is one of the most serious diseases affecting cultivated rice, Oryza sativa. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying both rice defense and fungal attack are not yet fully understood. Extensive past studies have characterized many infection-responsive genes in the pathogen and host plant, separately. To understand the plant-pathogen interaction comprehensively, it is valuable to monitor the gene expression profiles of both interacting organisms simultaneously in the same infected plant tissue. Although the host-pathogen interaction during the initial infection stage is important for the establishment of infection, the detection of fungal gene expression in infected leaves at the stage has been difficult because very few numbers of fungal cells are present. Using the emerging RNA-Seq technique, which has a wide dynamic range for expression analyses, we analyzed the mixed transcriptome of rice and blast fungus in infected leaves at 24 hours post-inoculation, which is the point when the primary infection hyphae penetrate leaf epidermal cells. We demonstrated that our method detected the gene expression of both the host plant and pathogen simultaneously in the same infected leaf blades in natural infection conditions without any artificial treatments. The upregulation of 240 fungal transcripts encoding putative secreted proteins was observed, suggesting that these candidates of fungal effector genes may play important roles in initial infection processes. The upregulation of transcripts encoding glycosyl hydrolases, cutinases and LysM domain-containing proteins were observed in the blast fungus, whereas pathogenesis-related and phytoalexin biosynthetic genes were upregulated in rice. Furthermore, more drastic changes in expression were observed in the incompatible interactions compared with the compatible ones in both rice and blast fungus at this stage. Our mixed transcriptome analysis is useful for the simultaneous elucidation of the tactics of host plant defense and pathogen attack. Public Library of Science 2012-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3490861/ /pubmed/23139845 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049423 Text en © 2012 Kawahara et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kawahara, Yoshihiro
Oono, Youko
Kanamori, Hiroyuki
Matsumoto, Takashi
Itoh, Takeshi
Minami, Eiichi
Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction
title Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction
title_full Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction
title_fullStr Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction
title_full_unstemmed Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction
title_short Simultaneous RNA-Seq Analysis of a Mixed Transcriptome of Rice and Blast Fungus Interaction
title_sort simultaneous rna-seq analysis of a mixed transcriptome of rice and blast fungus interaction
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3490861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139845
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049423
work_keys_str_mv AT kawaharayoshihiro simultaneousrnaseqanalysisofamixedtranscriptomeofriceandblastfungusinteraction
AT oonoyouko simultaneousrnaseqanalysisofamixedtranscriptomeofriceandblastfungusinteraction
AT kanamorihiroyuki simultaneousrnaseqanalysisofamixedtranscriptomeofriceandblastfungusinteraction
AT matsumototakashi simultaneousrnaseqanalysisofamixedtranscriptomeofriceandblastfungusinteraction
AT itohtakeshi simultaneousrnaseqanalysisofamixedtranscriptomeofriceandblastfungusinteraction
AT minamieiichi simultaneousrnaseqanalysisofamixedtranscriptomeofriceandblastfungusinteraction