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Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet
Consumption of low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diets lead to rapid weight loss but the cardioprotective effects of these diets have been questioned. We examined the impact of high-protein and high-fat diets on cholesterol metabolism by comparing the plasma cholesterol and the expression of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3490911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049058 |
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author | Raymond, Frédéric Wang, Long Moser, Mireille Metairon, Sylviane Mansourian, Robert Zwahlen, Marie-Camille Kussmann, Martin Fuerholz, Andreas Macé, Katherine Chou, Chieh Jason |
author_facet | Raymond, Frédéric Wang, Long Moser, Mireille Metairon, Sylviane Mansourian, Robert Zwahlen, Marie-Camille Kussmann, Martin Fuerholz, Andreas Macé, Katherine Chou, Chieh Jason |
author_sort | Raymond, Frédéric |
collection | PubMed |
description | Consumption of low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diets lead to rapid weight loss but the cardioprotective effects of these diets have been questioned. We examined the impact of high-protein and high-fat diets on cholesterol metabolism by comparing the plasma cholesterol and the expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes in the liver of mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet that has a high (H) or a low (L) protein-to-carbohydrate (P/C) ratio. H-P/C-HF feeding, compared with L-P/C-HF feeding, decreased plasma total cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol concentrations at 4-wk. Interestingly, the expression of genes involved in hepatic steroid biosynthesis responded to an increased dietary P/C ratio by first down-regulation (2-d) followed by later up-regulation at 4-wk, and the temporal gene expression patterns were connected to the putative activity of SREBF1 and 2. In contrast, Cyp7a1, the gene responsible for the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, was consistently up-regulated in the H-P/C-HF liver regardless of feeding duration. Over expression of Cyp7a1 after 2-d and 4-wk H-P/C-HF feeding was connected to two unique sets of transcription regulators. At both time points, up-regulation of the Cyp7a1 gene could be explained by enhanced activations and reduced suppressions of multiple transcription regulators. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the hypocholesterolemic effect of H-P/C-HF feeding coincided with orchestrated changes of gene expressions in lipid metabolic pathways in the liver of mice. Based on these results, we hypothesize that the cholesterol lowering effect of high-protein feeding is associated with enhanced bile acid production but clinical validation is warranted. (246 words) |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3490911 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34909112012-11-08 Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet Raymond, Frédéric Wang, Long Moser, Mireille Metairon, Sylviane Mansourian, Robert Zwahlen, Marie-Camille Kussmann, Martin Fuerholz, Andreas Macé, Katherine Chou, Chieh Jason PLoS One Research Article Consumption of low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diets lead to rapid weight loss but the cardioprotective effects of these diets have been questioned. We examined the impact of high-protein and high-fat diets on cholesterol metabolism by comparing the plasma cholesterol and the expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes in the liver of mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet that has a high (H) or a low (L) protein-to-carbohydrate (P/C) ratio. H-P/C-HF feeding, compared with L-P/C-HF feeding, decreased plasma total cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol concentrations at 4-wk. Interestingly, the expression of genes involved in hepatic steroid biosynthesis responded to an increased dietary P/C ratio by first down-regulation (2-d) followed by later up-regulation at 4-wk, and the temporal gene expression patterns were connected to the putative activity of SREBF1 and 2. In contrast, Cyp7a1, the gene responsible for the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, was consistently up-regulated in the H-P/C-HF liver regardless of feeding duration. Over expression of Cyp7a1 after 2-d and 4-wk H-P/C-HF feeding was connected to two unique sets of transcription regulators. At both time points, up-regulation of the Cyp7a1 gene could be explained by enhanced activations and reduced suppressions of multiple transcription regulators. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the hypocholesterolemic effect of H-P/C-HF feeding coincided with orchestrated changes of gene expressions in lipid metabolic pathways in the liver of mice. Based on these results, we hypothesize that the cholesterol lowering effect of high-protein feeding is associated with enhanced bile acid production but clinical validation is warranted. (246 words) Public Library of Science 2012-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3490911/ /pubmed/23139832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049058 Text en © 2012 Raymond et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Raymond, Frédéric Wang, Long Moser, Mireille Metairon, Sylviane Mansourian, Robert Zwahlen, Marie-Camille Kussmann, Martin Fuerholz, Andreas Macé, Katherine Chou, Chieh Jason Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet |
title | Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet |
title_full | Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet |
title_fullStr | Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet |
title_full_unstemmed | Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet |
title_short | Consequences of Exchanging Carbohydrates for Proteins in the Cholesterol Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-fat Diet |
title_sort | consequences of exchanging carbohydrates for proteins in the cholesterol metabolism of mice fed a high-fat diet |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3490911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049058 |
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