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Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members
Intergroup conflict is often driven by an individual's motivation to protect oneself and fellow group members against the threat of out-group aggression, including the tendency to pre-empt out-group threat through a competitive approach. Here we link such defense-motivated competition to oxytoc...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3492361/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23144787 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046751 |
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author | De Dreu, Carsten K. W. Shalvi, Shaul Greer, Lindred L. Van Kleef, Gerben A. Handgraaf, Michel J. J. |
author_facet | De Dreu, Carsten K. W. Shalvi, Shaul Greer, Lindred L. Van Kleef, Gerben A. Handgraaf, Michel J. J. |
author_sort | De Dreu, Carsten K. W. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Intergroup conflict is often driven by an individual's motivation to protect oneself and fellow group members against the threat of out-group aggression, including the tendency to pre-empt out-group threat through a competitive approach. Here we link such defense-motivated competition to oxytocin, a hypothalamic neuropeptide involved in reproduction and social bonding. An intergroup conflict game was developed to disentangle whether oxytocin motivates competitive approach to protect (i) immediate self-interest, (ii) vulnerable in-group members, or (iii) both. Males self-administered oxytocin or placebo (double-blind placebo-controlled) and made decisions with financial consequences to themselves, their fellow in-group members, and a competing out-group. Game payoffs were manipulated between-subjects so that non-cooperation by the out-group had high vs. low impact on personal payoff (personal vulnerability), and high vs. low impact on payoff to fellow in-group members (in-group vulnerability). When personal vulnerability was high, non-cooperation was unaffected by treatment and in-group vulnerability. When personal vulnerability was low, however, in-group vulnerability motivated non-cooperation but only when males received oxytocin. Oxytocin fuels a defense-motivated competitive approach to protect vulnerable group members, even when personal fate is not at stake. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3492361 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34923612012-11-09 Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members De Dreu, Carsten K. W. Shalvi, Shaul Greer, Lindred L. Van Kleef, Gerben A. Handgraaf, Michel J. J. PLoS One Research Article Intergroup conflict is often driven by an individual's motivation to protect oneself and fellow group members against the threat of out-group aggression, including the tendency to pre-empt out-group threat through a competitive approach. Here we link such defense-motivated competition to oxytocin, a hypothalamic neuropeptide involved in reproduction and social bonding. An intergroup conflict game was developed to disentangle whether oxytocin motivates competitive approach to protect (i) immediate self-interest, (ii) vulnerable in-group members, or (iii) both. Males self-administered oxytocin or placebo (double-blind placebo-controlled) and made decisions with financial consequences to themselves, their fellow in-group members, and a competing out-group. Game payoffs were manipulated between-subjects so that non-cooperation by the out-group had high vs. low impact on personal payoff (personal vulnerability), and high vs. low impact on payoff to fellow in-group members (in-group vulnerability). When personal vulnerability was high, non-cooperation was unaffected by treatment and in-group vulnerability. When personal vulnerability was low, however, in-group vulnerability motivated non-cooperation but only when males received oxytocin. Oxytocin fuels a defense-motivated competitive approach to protect vulnerable group members, even when personal fate is not at stake. Public Library of Science 2012-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3492361/ /pubmed/23144787 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046751 Text en © 2012 De Dreu et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article De Dreu, Carsten K. W. Shalvi, Shaul Greer, Lindred L. Van Kleef, Gerben A. Handgraaf, Michel J. J. Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members |
title | Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members |
title_full | Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members |
title_fullStr | Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members |
title_full_unstemmed | Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members |
title_short | Oxytocin Motivates Non-Cooperation in Intergroup Conflict to Protect Vulnerable In-Group Members |
title_sort | oxytocin motivates non-cooperation in intergroup conflict to protect vulnerable in-group members |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3492361/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23144787 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046751 |
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