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Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is used in the expression of many virus genes and some cellular genes. In eukaryotic systems, the most well-characterized mechanism involves –1 tandem tRNA slippage on an X_XXY_YYZ motif. By contrast, the mechanisms involved in programmed +1 (or −2) slippage are mo...

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Autores principales: Firth, A. E., Jagger, B. W., Wise, H. M., Nelson, C. C., Parsawar, K., Wills, N. M., Napthine, S., Taubenberger, J. K., Digard, P., Atkins, J. F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3498833/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23155484
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.120109
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author Firth, A. E.
Jagger, B. W.
Wise, H. M.
Nelson, C. C.
Parsawar, K.
Wills, N. M.
Napthine, S.
Taubenberger, J. K.
Digard, P.
Atkins, J. F.
author_facet Firth, A. E.
Jagger, B. W.
Wise, H. M.
Nelson, C. C.
Parsawar, K.
Wills, N. M.
Napthine, S.
Taubenberger, J. K.
Digard, P.
Atkins, J. F.
author_sort Firth, A. E.
collection PubMed
description Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is used in the expression of many virus genes and some cellular genes. In eukaryotic systems, the most well-characterized mechanism involves –1 tandem tRNA slippage on an X_XXY_YYZ motif. By contrast, the mechanisms involved in programmed +1 (or −2) slippage are more varied and often poorly characterized. Recently, a novel gene, PA-X, was discovered in influenza A virus and found to be expressed via a shift to the +1 reading frame. Here, we identify, by mass spectrometric analysis, both the site (UCC_UUU_CGU) and direction (+1) of the frameshifting that is involved in PA-X expression. Related sites are identified in other virus genes that have previously been proposed to be expressed via +1 frameshifting. As these viruses infect insects (chronic bee paralysis virus), plants (fijiviruses and amalgamaviruses) and vertebrates (influenza A virus), such motifs may form a new class of +1 frameshift-inducing sequences that are active in diverse eukaryotes.
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spelling pubmed-34988332012-11-15 Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction Firth, A. E. Jagger, B. W. Wise, H. M. Nelson, C. C. Parsawar, K. Wills, N. M. Napthine, S. Taubenberger, J. K. Digard, P. Atkins, J. F. Open Biol Research Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is used in the expression of many virus genes and some cellular genes. In eukaryotic systems, the most well-characterized mechanism involves –1 tandem tRNA slippage on an X_XXY_YYZ motif. By contrast, the mechanisms involved in programmed +1 (or −2) slippage are more varied and often poorly characterized. Recently, a novel gene, PA-X, was discovered in influenza A virus and found to be expressed via a shift to the +1 reading frame. Here, we identify, by mass spectrometric analysis, both the site (UCC_UUU_CGU) and direction (+1) of the frameshifting that is involved in PA-X expression. Related sites are identified in other virus genes that have previously been proposed to be expressed via +1 frameshifting. As these viruses infect insects (chronic bee paralysis virus), plants (fijiviruses and amalgamaviruses) and vertebrates (influenza A virus), such motifs may form a new class of +1 frameshift-inducing sequences that are active in diverse eukaryotes. The Royal Society 2012-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3498833/ /pubmed/23155484 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.120109 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ © 2012 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research
Firth, A. E.
Jagger, B. W.
Wise, H. M.
Nelson, C. C.
Parsawar, K.
Wills, N. M.
Napthine, S.
Taubenberger, J. K.
Digard, P.
Atkins, J. F.
Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction
title Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction
title_full Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction
title_fullStr Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction
title_full_unstemmed Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction
title_short Ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza A virus expression occurs within the sequence UCC_UUU_CGU and is in the +1 direction
title_sort ribosomal frameshifting used in influenza a virus expression occurs within the sequence ucc_uuu_cgu and is in the +1 direction
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3498833/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23155484
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.120109
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