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Brain Development in Childhood

Although human brain development continues throughout childhood and adolescence, it is a non-linear process both structurally and functionally. Here we review studies of brain development in healthy children from the viewpoint of structure and the perfusion of gray and white matter. Gray matter volu...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Taki, Yasuyuki, Kawashima, Ryuta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Open 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23166579
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874440001206010103
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author Taki, Yasuyuki
Kawashima, Ryuta
author_facet Taki, Yasuyuki
Kawashima, Ryuta
author_sort Taki, Yasuyuki
collection PubMed
description Although human brain development continues throughout childhood and adolescence, it is a non-linear process both structurally and functionally. Here we review studies of brain development in healthy children from the viewpoint of structure and the perfusion of gray and white matter. Gray matter volume increases and then decreases with age, with the developmental time of the peak volume differing among brain regions in the first and second decades of life. On the other hand, white matter volume increase is mostly linear during those periods. As regards fractional anisotropy, most regions show an exponential trajectory with aging. In addition, cerebral blood flow and gray matter volume are proportional at similar developmental ages. Moreover, we show that several lifestyle choices, such as sleeping habits and breakfast staple, affect gray matter volume in healthy children. There are a number of uninvestigated important issues that require future study.
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spelling pubmed-34997342012-11-19 Brain Development in Childhood Taki, Yasuyuki Kawashima, Ryuta Open Neuroimag J Article Although human brain development continues throughout childhood and adolescence, it is a non-linear process both structurally and functionally. Here we review studies of brain development in healthy children from the viewpoint of structure and the perfusion of gray and white matter. Gray matter volume increases and then decreases with age, with the developmental time of the peak volume differing among brain regions in the first and second decades of life. On the other hand, white matter volume increase is mostly linear during those periods. As regards fractional anisotropy, most regions show an exponential trajectory with aging. In addition, cerebral blood flow and gray matter volume are proportional at similar developmental ages. Moreover, we show that several lifestyle choices, such as sleeping habits and breakfast staple, affect gray matter volume in healthy children. There are a number of uninvestigated important issues that require future study. Bentham Open 2012-11-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3499734/ /pubmed/23166579 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874440001206010103 Text en © Taki and Kawashima; Licensee Bentham Open. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Taki, Yasuyuki
Kawashima, Ryuta
Brain Development in Childhood
title Brain Development in Childhood
title_full Brain Development in Childhood
title_fullStr Brain Development in Childhood
title_full_unstemmed Brain Development in Childhood
title_short Brain Development in Childhood
title_sort brain development in childhood
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23166579
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874440001206010103
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