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Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species
BACKGROUND: Species of Cronobacter are widespread in the environment and are occasional food-borne pathogens associated with serious neonatal diseases, including bacteraemia, meningitis, and necrotising enterocolitis. The genus is composed of seven species: C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. turicensi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3500316/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23166675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049455 |
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author | Joseph, Susan Desai, Prerak Ji, Yongmei Cummings, Craig A. Shih, Rita Degoricija, Lovorka Rico, Alain Brzoska, Pius Hamby, Stephen E. Masood, Naqash Hariri, Sumyya Sonbol, Hana Chuzhanova, Nadia McClelland, Michael Furtado, Manohar R. Forsythe, Stephen J. |
author_facet | Joseph, Susan Desai, Prerak Ji, Yongmei Cummings, Craig A. Shih, Rita Degoricija, Lovorka Rico, Alain Brzoska, Pius Hamby, Stephen E. Masood, Naqash Hariri, Sumyya Sonbol, Hana Chuzhanova, Nadia McClelland, Michael Furtado, Manohar R. Forsythe, Stephen J. |
author_sort | Joseph, Susan |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Species of Cronobacter are widespread in the environment and are occasional food-borne pathogens associated with serious neonatal diseases, including bacteraemia, meningitis, and necrotising enterocolitis. The genus is composed of seven species: C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis, C. dublinensis, C. muytjensii, C. universalis, and C. condimenti. Clinical cases are associated with three species, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis and, in particular, with C. sakazakii multilocus sequence type 4. Thus, it is plausible that virulence determinants have evolved in certain lineages. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We generated high quality sequence drafts for eleven Cronobacter genomes representing the seven Cronobacter species, including an ST4 strain of C. sakazakii. Comparative analysis of these genomes together with the two publicly available genomes revealed Cronobacter has over 6,000 genes in one or more strains and over 2,000 genes shared by all Cronobacter. Considerable variation in the presence of traits such as type six secretion systems, metal resistance (tellurite, copper and silver), and adhesins were found. C. sakazakii is unique in the Cronobacter genus in encoding genes enabling the utilization of exogenous sialic acid which may have clinical significance. The C. sakazakii ST4 strain 701 contained additional genes as compared to other C. sakazakii but none of them were known specific virulence-related genes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Genome comparison revealed that pair-wise DNA sequence identity varies between 89 and 97% in the seven Cronobacter species, and also suggested various degrees of divergence. Sets of universal core genes and accessory genes unique to each strain were identified. These gene sequences can be used for designing genus/species specific detection assays. Genes encoding adhesins, T6SS, and metal resistance genes as well as prophages are found in only subsets of genomes and have contributed considerably to the variation of genomic content. Differences in gene content likely contribute to differences in the clinical and environmental distribution of species and sequence types. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3500316 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35003162012-11-19 Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species Joseph, Susan Desai, Prerak Ji, Yongmei Cummings, Craig A. Shih, Rita Degoricija, Lovorka Rico, Alain Brzoska, Pius Hamby, Stephen E. Masood, Naqash Hariri, Sumyya Sonbol, Hana Chuzhanova, Nadia McClelland, Michael Furtado, Manohar R. Forsythe, Stephen J. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Species of Cronobacter are widespread in the environment and are occasional food-borne pathogens associated with serious neonatal diseases, including bacteraemia, meningitis, and necrotising enterocolitis. The genus is composed of seven species: C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis, C. dublinensis, C. muytjensii, C. universalis, and C. condimenti. Clinical cases are associated with three species, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis and, in particular, with C. sakazakii multilocus sequence type 4. Thus, it is plausible that virulence determinants have evolved in certain lineages. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We generated high quality sequence drafts for eleven Cronobacter genomes representing the seven Cronobacter species, including an ST4 strain of C. sakazakii. Comparative analysis of these genomes together with the two publicly available genomes revealed Cronobacter has over 6,000 genes in one or more strains and over 2,000 genes shared by all Cronobacter. Considerable variation in the presence of traits such as type six secretion systems, metal resistance (tellurite, copper and silver), and adhesins were found. C. sakazakii is unique in the Cronobacter genus in encoding genes enabling the utilization of exogenous sialic acid which may have clinical significance. The C. sakazakii ST4 strain 701 contained additional genes as compared to other C. sakazakii but none of them were known specific virulence-related genes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Genome comparison revealed that pair-wise DNA sequence identity varies between 89 and 97% in the seven Cronobacter species, and also suggested various degrees of divergence. Sets of universal core genes and accessory genes unique to each strain were identified. These gene sequences can be used for designing genus/species specific detection assays. Genes encoding adhesins, T6SS, and metal resistance genes as well as prophages are found in only subsets of genomes and have contributed considerably to the variation of genomic content. Differences in gene content likely contribute to differences in the clinical and environmental distribution of species and sequence types. Public Library of Science 2012-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3500316/ /pubmed/23166675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049455 Text en © 2012 Joseph et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Joseph, Susan Desai, Prerak Ji, Yongmei Cummings, Craig A. Shih, Rita Degoricija, Lovorka Rico, Alain Brzoska, Pius Hamby, Stephen E. Masood, Naqash Hariri, Sumyya Sonbol, Hana Chuzhanova, Nadia McClelland, Michael Furtado, Manohar R. Forsythe, Stephen J. Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species |
title | Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species |
title_full | Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species |
title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species |
title_short | Comparative Analysis of Genome Sequences Covering the Seven Cronobacter Species |
title_sort | comparative analysis of genome sequences covering the seven cronobacter species |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3500316/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23166675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049455 |
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