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Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores
Background. Morphological characterization of hemodialysis membranes is necessary to improve pore design. Aim. To delineate membrane pore structure of a high flux filter, Polyflux 210H. Methods. We used a Joel JSM-6010LV scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a SU6600 Hitachi field emission scanning...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3502870/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23209902 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/304135 |
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author | Hedayat, A. Szpunar, J. Kumar, N. A. P. Kiran Peace, R. Elmoselhi, H. Shoker, A. |
author_facet | Hedayat, A. Szpunar, J. Kumar, N. A. P. Kiran Peace, R. Elmoselhi, H. Shoker, A. |
author_sort | Hedayat, A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background. Morphological characterization of hemodialysis membranes is necessary to improve pore design. Aim. To delineate membrane pore structure of a high flux filter, Polyflux 210H. Methods. We used a Joel JSM-6010LV scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a SU6600 Hitachi field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) to characterize the pore and fiber morphology. The maximal diameters of selected uremic toxins were calculated using the macromolecular modeling Crystallographic Object-Oriented Toolkit (COOT) software. Results. The mean pore densities on the outermost and innermost surfaces of the membrane were 36.81% and 5.45%, respectively. The membrane exhibited a tortuous structure with poor connection between the inner and outer pores. The aperture's width in the inner surface ranged between 34 and 45 nm, which is 8.76–11.60 times larger than the estimated maximum diameter of β 2-microglobulin (3.88 nm). Conclusion. The results suggest that the diameter size of inner pore apertures is not a limiting factor to middle molecules clearance, the extremely diminished density is. Increasing inner pore density and improving channel structure are strategies to improve clearance of middle molecules. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3502870 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35028702012-12-03 Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores Hedayat, A. Szpunar, J. Kumar, N. A. P. Kiran Peace, R. Elmoselhi, H. Shoker, A. Int J Nephrol Research Article Background. Morphological characterization of hemodialysis membranes is necessary to improve pore design. Aim. To delineate membrane pore structure of a high flux filter, Polyflux 210H. Methods. We used a Joel JSM-6010LV scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a SU6600 Hitachi field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) to characterize the pore and fiber morphology. The maximal diameters of selected uremic toxins were calculated using the macromolecular modeling Crystallographic Object-Oriented Toolkit (COOT) software. Results. The mean pore densities on the outermost and innermost surfaces of the membrane were 36.81% and 5.45%, respectively. The membrane exhibited a tortuous structure with poor connection between the inner and outer pores. The aperture's width in the inner surface ranged between 34 and 45 nm, which is 8.76–11.60 times larger than the estimated maximum diameter of β 2-microglobulin (3.88 nm). Conclusion. The results suggest that the diameter size of inner pore apertures is not a limiting factor to middle molecules clearance, the extremely diminished density is. Increasing inner pore density and improving channel structure are strategies to improve clearance of middle molecules. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3502870/ /pubmed/23209902 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/304135 Text en Copyright © 2012 A. Hedayat et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Hedayat, A. Szpunar, J. Kumar, N. A. P. Kiran Peace, R. Elmoselhi, H. Shoker, A. Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores |
title | Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores |
title_full | Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores |
title_fullStr | Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores |
title_full_unstemmed | Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores |
title_short | Morphological Characterization of the Polyflux 210H Hemodialysis Filter Pores |
title_sort | morphological characterization of the polyflux 210h hemodialysis filter pores |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3502870/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23209902 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/304135 |
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