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A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India

BACKGROUND: Quantitative relations between weather variables and malaria vector can enable pro-active control through meteorological monitoring. Such relations are also critical for reliable projections in a changing climate, especially since the vector abundance depends on a combination of weather...

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Autores principales: Goswami, Prashant, Murty, Upadhayula Suryanarayana, Mutheneni, Srinivasa Rao, Kukkuthady, Avinash, Krishnan, Swathi Trithala
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3507888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23209594
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049713
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author Goswami, Prashant
Murty, Upadhayula Suryanarayana
Mutheneni, Srinivasa Rao
Kukkuthady, Avinash
Krishnan, Swathi Trithala
author_facet Goswami, Prashant
Murty, Upadhayula Suryanarayana
Mutheneni, Srinivasa Rao
Kukkuthady, Avinash
Krishnan, Swathi Trithala
author_sort Goswami, Prashant
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Quantitative relations between weather variables and malaria vector can enable pro-active control through meteorological monitoring. Such relations are also critical for reliable projections in a changing climate, especially since the vector abundance depends on a combination of weather variables, each in a given range. Further, such models need to be region-specific as vector population and exposure depend on regional characteristics. METHODS: We consider days of genesis based on daily temperature, rainfall and humidity in given ranges. We define a single model parameter based on estimates of exposure and transmission to calibrate the model; the model is applied to 12 districts of Arunachal Pradesh, a region endemic to malaria. The epidemiological data is taken as blood samples that test positive. The meteorological data is adopted from NCEP daily Reanalysis on a global grid; population data is used to estimate exposure and transmission coefficients. RESULTS: The observed annual cycles (2006–2010) and the interannual variability (2002–2010) of epidemiology are well simulated for each of the 12 districts by the model. While no single weather variable like temperature can reproduce the observed epidemiology, a combination of temperature, rainfall and humidity provides an accurate description of the annual cycle as well as the inter annual variability over all the 12 districts. CONCLUSION: Inclusion of the three meteorological variables, along with the expressions for exposure and transmission, can quite accurately represent observed epidemiology over multiple locations and different years. The model is potentially useful for outbreak forecasts at short time scales through high resolution weather monitoring; however, validation with longer and independent epidemiological data is required for more robust estimation of realizable skill. While the model has been examined over a specific region, the basic algorithm is easily applicable to other regions; the model can account for shifting vulnerability due to regional climate change.
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spelling pubmed-35078882012-12-03 A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India Goswami, Prashant Murty, Upadhayula Suryanarayana Mutheneni, Srinivasa Rao Kukkuthady, Avinash Krishnan, Swathi Trithala PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Quantitative relations between weather variables and malaria vector can enable pro-active control through meteorological monitoring. Such relations are also critical for reliable projections in a changing climate, especially since the vector abundance depends on a combination of weather variables, each in a given range. Further, such models need to be region-specific as vector population and exposure depend on regional characteristics. METHODS: We consider days of genesis based on daily temperature, rainfall and humidity in given ranges. We define a single model parameter based on estimates of exposure and transmission to calibrate the model; the model is applied to 12 districts of Arunachal Pradesh, a region endemic to malaria. The epidemiological data is taken as blood samples that test positive. The meteorological data is adopted from NCEP daily Reanalysis on a global grid; population data is used to estimate exposure and transmission coefficients. RESULTS: The observed annual cycles (2006–2010) and the interannual variability (2002–2010) of epidemiology are well simulated for each of the 12 districts by the model. While no single weather variable like temperature can reproduce the observed epidemiology, a combination of temperature, rainfall and humidity provides an accurate description of the annual cycle as well as the inter annual variability over all the 12 districts. CONCLUSION: Inclusion of the three meteorological variables, along with the expressions for exposure and transmission, can quite accurately represent observed epidemiology over multiple locations and different years. The model is potentially useful for outbreak forecasts at short time scales through high resolution weather monitoring; however, validation with longer and independent epidemiological data is required for more robust estimation of realizable skill. While the model has been examined over a specific region, the basic algorithm is easily applicable to other regions; the model can account for shifting vulnerability due to regional climate change. Public Library of Science 2012-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC3507888/ /pubmed/23209594 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049713 Text en © 2012 Goswami et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Goswami, Prashant
Murty, Upadhayula Suryanarayana
Mutheneni, Srinivasa Rao
Kukkuthady, Avinash
Krishnan, Swathi Trithala
A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India
title A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India
title_full A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India
title_fullStr A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India
title_full_unstemmed A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India
title_short A Model of Malaria Epidemiology Involving Weather, Exposure and Transmission Applied to North East India
title_sort model of malaria epidemiology involving weather, exposure and transmission applied to north east india
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3507888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23209594
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049713
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