Cargando…

Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes

Enzymes containing flavin cofactors are predominantly involved in redox reactions in numerous cellular processes where the protein environment modulates the chemical reactivity of the flavin to either transfer one or two electrons. Some flavoenzymes catalyze reactions with no net redox change. In th...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Sobrado, Pablo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3509576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23203060
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114219
_version_ 1782251358840160256
author Sobrado, Pablo
author_facet Sobrado, Pablo
author_sort Sobrado, Pablo
collection PubMed
description Enzymes containing flavin cofactors are predominantly involved in redox reactions in numerous cellular processes where the protein environment modulates the chemical reactivity of the flavin to either transfer one or two electrons. Some flavoenzymes catalyze reactions with no net redox change. In these reactions, the protein environment modulates the reactivity of the flavin to perform novel chemistries. Recent mechanistic and structural data supporting novel flavin functionalities in reactions catalyzed by chorismate synthase, type II isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase, UDP-galactopyranose mutase, and alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase are presented in this review. In these enzymes, the flavin plays either a direct role in acid/base reactions or as a nucleophile or electrophile. In addition, the flavin cofactor is proposed to function as a “molecular scaffold” in the formation of UDP-galactofuranose and alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate by forming a covalent adduct with reaction intermediates.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3509576
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2012
publisher Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-35095762013-01-09 Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes Sobrado, Pablo Int J Mol Sci Review Enzymes containing flavin cofactors are predominantly involved in redox reactions in numerous cellular processes where the protein environment modulates the chemical reactivity of the flavin to either transfer one or two electrons. Some flavoenzymes catalyze reactions with no net redox change. In these reactions, the protein environment modulates the reactivity of the flavin to perform novel chemistries. Recent mechanistic and structural data supporting novel flavin functionalities in reactions catalyzed by chorismate synthase, type II isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase, UDP-galactopyranose mutase, and alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase are presented in this review. In these enzymes, the flavin plays either a direct role in acid/base reactions or as a nucleophile or electrophile. In addition, the flavin cofactor is proposed to function as a “molecular scaffold” in the formation of UDP-galactofuranose and alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate by forming a covalent adduct with reaction intermediates. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2012-11-05 /pmc/articles/PMC3509576/ /pubmed/23203060 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114219 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0).
spellingShingle Review
Sobrado, Pablo
Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes
title Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes
title_full Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes
title_fullStr Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes
title_full_unstemmed Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes
title_short Noncanonical Reactions of Flavoenzymes
title_sort noncanonical reactions of flavoenzymes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3509576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23203060
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114219
work_keys_str_mv AT sobradopablo noncanonicalreactionsofflavoenzymes