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An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system
Foraging, defense and waste disposal are essential for sustaining social insect colonies. Hence, their nest generally has an open structure, wherein specialized castes called workers and soldiers perform these tasks. However, some social aphids form completely closed galls, wherein hundreds to thous...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Pub. Group
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3514493/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23149732 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2187 |
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author | Kutsukake, Mayako Meng, Xian-Ying Katayama, Noboru Nikoh, Naruo Shibao, Harunobu Fukatsu, Takema |
author_facet | Kutsukake, Mayako Meng, Xian-Ying Katayama, Noboru Nikoh, Naruo Shibao, Harunobu Fukatsu, Takema |
author_sort | Kutsukake, Mayako |
collection | PubMed |
description | Foraging, defense and waste disposal are essential for sustaining social insect colonies. Hence, their nest generally has an open structure, wherein specialized castes called workers and soldiers perform these tasks. However, some social aphids form completely closed galls, wherein hundreds to thousands of insects grow and reproduce for several months in isolation. Why these social aphids are not drowned by accumulated honeydew has been an enigma. Here we report a sophisticated biological solution to the waste problem in the closed system: the gall inner surface is specialized for absorbing water, whereby honeydew is promptly removed via the plant vascular system. The water-absorbing closed galls have evolved at least twice independently among social aphids. The plant-mediated waste removal, which entails insect's manipulation of plant morphogenesis and physiology, comprises a previously unknown mechanism of nest cleaning, which can be regarded as ‘extended phenotype' and ‘indirect social behavior' of the social aphids. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3514493 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Nature Pub. Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35144932012-12-05 An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system Kutsukake, Mayako Meng, Xian-Ying Katayama, Noboru Nikoh, Naruo Shibao, Harunobu Fukatsu, Takema Nat Commun Article Foraging, defense and waste disposal are essential for sustaining social insect colonies. Hence, their nest generally has an open structure, wherein specialized castes called workers and soldiers perform these tasks. However, some social aphids form completely closed galls, wherein hundreds to thousands of insects grow and reproduce for several months in isolation. Why these social aphids are not drowned by accumulated honeydew has been an enigma. Here we report a sophisticated biological solution to the waste problem in the closed system: the gall inner surface is specialized for absorbing water, whereby honeydew is promptly removed via the plant vascular system. The water-absorbing closed galls have evolved at least twice independently among social aphids. The plant-mediated waste removal, which entails insect's manipulation of plant morphogenesis and physiology, comprises a previously unknown mechanism of nest cleaning, which can be regarded as ‘extended phenotype' and ‘indirect social behavior' of the social aphids. Nature Pub. Group 2012-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC3514493/ /pubmed/23149732 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2187 Text en Copyright © 2012, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Kutsukake, Mayako Meng, Xian-Ying Katayama, Noboru Nikoh, Naruo Shibao, Harunobu Fukatsu, Takema An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system |
title | An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system |
title_full | An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system |
title_fullStr | An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system |
title_full_unstemmed | An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system |
title_short | An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system |
title_sort | insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3514493/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23149732 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2187 |
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