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Carbonic Anhydrase as Pollution Biomarker: An Ancient Enzyme with a New Use

The measurement of cellular and sub-cellular responses to chemical contaminants (referred to as biomarkers) in living organisms represents a recent tool in environmental monitoring. The review focuses on carbonic anhydrase, a ubiquitous metalloenzyme which plays key roles in a wide variety of physio...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lionetto, Maria Giulia, Caricato, Roberto, Giordano, Maria Elena, Erroi, Elisa, Schettino, Trifone
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3524608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23202827
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9113965
Descripción
Sumario:The measurement of cellular and sub-cellular responses to chemical contaminants (referred to as biomarkers) in living organisms represents a recent tool in environmental monitoring. The review focuses on carbonic anhydrase, a ubiquitous metalloenzyme which plays key roles in a wide variety of physiological processes involving CO(2) and HCO(3)(−). In the last decade a number of studies have demonstrated the sensitivity of this enzyme to pollutants such as heavy metals and organic chemicals in both humans and wildlife. The review analyses these studies and discusses the potentiality of this enzyme as novel biomarker in environmental monitoring and assessment.