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Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights
Filoviruses cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans with high case-fatality rates. The cellular factors exploited by filoviruses for their spread constitute potential targets for intervention, but are incompletely defined. The viral glycoprotein (GP) mediates filovirus entry into host cells. Recent...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3528269/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23342362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v4123336 |
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author | Hofmann-Winkler, Heike Kaup, Franziska Pöhlmann, Stefan |
author_facet | Hofmann-Winkler, Heike Kaup, Franziska Pöhlmann, Stefan |
author_sort | Hofmann-Winkler, Heike |
collection | PubMed |
description | Filoviruses cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans with high case-fatality rates. The cellular factors exploited by filoviruses for their spread constitute potential targets for intervention, but are incompletely defined. The viral glycoprotein (GP) mediates filovirus entry into host cells. Recent studies revealed important insights into the host cell molecules engaged by GP for cellular entry. The binding of GP to cellular lectins was found to concentrate virions onto susceptible cells and might contribute to the early and sustained infection of macrophages and dendritic cells, important viral targets. Tyrosine kinase receptors were shown to promote macropinocytic uptake of filoviruses into a subset of susceptible cells without binding to GP, while interactions between GP and human T cell Ig mucin 1 (TIM-1) might contribute to filovirus infection of mucosal epithelial cells. Moreover, GP engagement of the cholesterol transporter Niemann-Pick C1 was demonstrated to be essential for GP-mediated fusion of the viral envelope with a host cell membrane. Finally, mutagenic and structural analyses defined GP domains which interact with these host cell factors. Here, we will review the recent progress in elucidating the molecular interactions underlying filovirus entry and discuss their implications for our understanding of the viral cell tropism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3528269 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35282692013-01-02 Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights Hofmann-Winkler, Heike Kaup, Franziska Pöhlmann, Stefan Viruses Review Filoviruses cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans with high case-fatality rates. The cellular factors exploited by filoviruses for their spread constitute potential targets for intervention, but are incompletely defined. The viral glycoprotein (GP) mediates filovirus entry into host cells. Recent studies revealed important insights into the host cell molecules engaged by GP for cellular entry. The binding of GP to cellular lectins was found to concentrate virions onto susceptible cells and might contribute to the early and sustained infection of macrophages and dendritic cells, important viral targets. Tyrosine kinase receptors were shown to promote macropinocytic uptake of filoviruses into a subset of susceptible cells without binding to GP, while interactions between GP and human T cell Ig mucin 1 (TIM-1) might contribute to filovirus infection of mucosal epithelial cells. Moreover, GP engagement of the cholesterol transporter Niemann-Pick C1 was demonstrated to be essential for GP-mediated fusion of the viral envelope with a host cell membrane. Finally, mutagenic and structural analyses defined GP domains which interact with these host cell factors. Here, we will review the recent progress in elucidating the molecular interactions underlying filovirus entry and discuss their implications for our understanding of the viral cell tropism. MDPI 2012-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3528269/ /pubmed/23342362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v4123336 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Hofmann-Winkler, Heike Kaup, Franziska Pöhlmann, Stefan Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights |
title | Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights |
title_full | Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights |
title_fullStr | Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights |
title_full_unstemmed | Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights |
title_short | Host Cell Factors in Filovirus Entry: Novel Players, New Insights |
title_sort | host cell factors in filovirus entry: novel players, new insights |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3528269/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23342362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v4123336 |
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