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Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity
BACKGROUND: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) is a matrix-associated serine protease inhibitor with an enigmatic function in vivo. Here, we describe that TFPI-2 is present in fibrin of wounds and also expressed in skin, where it is up-regulated upon wounding. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDI...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3530512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23300768 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052772 |
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author | Papareddy, Praveen Kalle, Martina Sørensen, Ole E. Lundqvist, Katarina Mörgelin, Matthias Malmsten, Martin Schmidtchen, Artur |
author_facet | Papareddy, Praveen Kalle, Martina Sørensen, Ole E. Lundqvist, Katarina Mörgelin, Matthias Malmsten, Martin Schmidtchen, Artur |
author_sort | Papareddy, Praveen |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) is a matrix-associated serine protease inhibitor with an enigmatic function in vivo. Here, we describe that TFPI-2 is present in fibrin of wounds and also expressed in skin, where it is up-regulated upon wounding. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Neutrophil elastase cleaved TFPI-2, and a C-terminal fragment was found to bind to bacteria. Similarly, a prototypic peptide representing this C-terminal part, EDC34, bound to bacteria and bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and induced bacterial permeabilization. The peptide also induced leakage in artificial liposomes, and displayed a random coil conformation upon interactions with liposomes as well as lipopolysaccharide. EDC34 was antibacterial against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in physiological buffer conditions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results demonstrate that the C-terminus of TFPI-2 encodes for antimicrobial activity, and may be released during wounding. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3530512 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35305122013-01-08 Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity Papareddy, Praveen Kalle, Martina Sørensen, Ole E. Lundqvist, Katarina Mörgelin, Matthias Malmsten, Martin Schmidtchen, Artur PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) is a matrix-associated serine protease inhibitor with an enigmatic function in vivo. Here, we describe that TFPI-2 is present in fibrin of wounds and also expressed in skin, where it is up-regulated upon wounding. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Neutrophil elastase cleaved TFPI-2, and a C-terminal fragment was found to bind to bacteria. Similarly, a prototypic peptide representing this C-terminal part, EDC34, bound to bacteria and bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and induced bacterial permeabilization. The peptide also induced leakage in artificial liposomes, and displayed a random coil conformation upon interactions with liposomes as well as lipopolysaccharide. EDC34 was antibacterial against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in physiological buffer conditions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results demonstrate that the C-terminus of TFPI-2 encodes for antimicrobial activity, and may be released during wounding. Public Library of Science 2012-12-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3530512/ /pubmed/23300768 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052772 Text en © 2012 Papareddy et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Papareddy, Praveen Kalle, Martina Sørensen, Ole E. Lundqvist, Katarina Mörgelin, Matthias Malmsten, Martin Schmidtchen, Artur Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity |
title | Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity |
title_full | Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity |
title_fullStr | Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity |
title_full_unstemmed | Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity |
title_short | Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 Is Found in Skin and Its C-Terminal Region Encodes for Antibacterial Activity |
title_sort | tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 is found in skin and its c-terminal region encodes for antibacterial activity |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3530512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23300768 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052772 |
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