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The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents and their families and later medical benefit receipt in young adulthood. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. Norwegian population study linked to national registers. PARTICIPANTS: Data from the Nord-Trøndelag...

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Autores principales: Pape, Kristine, Bjørngaard, Johan Håkon, Holmen, Turid Lingaas, Krokstad, Steinar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3533058/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23144262
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001942
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author Pape, Kristine
Bjørngaard, Johan Håkon
Holmen, Turid Lingaas
Krokstad, Steinar
author_facet Pape, Kristine
Bjørngaard, Johan Håkon
Holmen, Turid Lingaas
Krokstad, Steinar
author_sort Pape, Kristine
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents and their families and later medical benefit receipt in young adulthood. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. Norwegian population study linked to national registers. PARTICIPANTS: Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 1995–1997 (HUNT) gave information on anxiety and depression symptoms as self-reported by 7497 school-attending adolescents (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist—SCL-5 score) and their parents (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score). There were 2711 adolescents with one or more siblings in the cohort. OUTCOME MEASURES: Adolescents were followed for 10 years in national social security registers, identifying long-term receipt of medical benefits (main outcome) and unemployment benefits for comparison from ages 20–29. METHODS: We used logistic regression to estimate OR of benefit receipt for groups according to adolescent and parental anxiety and depression symptom load (high vs low symptom loads) and for a one point increase in the continuous SCL-5 score (range 1–4). We adjusted for family-level confounders by comparing siblings differentially exposed to anxiety and depression symptoms. RESULTS: Comparing siblings, a one point increase in the mean SCL-5 score was associated with a 65% increase in the odds of medical benefit receipt from age 20–29 (adjusted OR, 1.65, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.48). Parental anxiety and depression symptom load was an indicator of their adolescent's future risk of medical benefit receipt, and adolescents with both parents reporting high symptom loads seemed to be at a particularly high risk. The anxiety and depression symptom load was only weakly associated with unemployment benefits. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents in families hampered by anxiety and depression symptoms are at a substantially higher risk of medical welfare dependence in young adulthood. The prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression in adolescence should be family-oriented and aimed at ensuring work-life integration.
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spelling pubmed-35330582013-01-04 The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study Pape, Kristine Bjørngaard, Johan Håkon Holmen, Turid Lingaas Krokstad, Steinar BMJ Open Public Health OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents and their families and later medical benefit receipt in young adulthood. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. Norwegian population study linked to national registers. PARTICIPANTS: Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 1995–1997 (HUNT) gave information on anxiety and depression symptoms as self-reported by 7497 school-attending adolescents (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist—SCL-5 score) and their parents (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score). There were 2711 adolescents with one or more siblings in the cohort. OUTCOME MEASURES: Adolescents were followed for 10 years in national social security registers, identifying long-term receipt of medical benefits (main outcome) and unemployment benefits for comparison from ages 20–29. METHODS: We used logistic regression to estimate OR of benefit receipt for groups according to adolescent and parental anxiety and depression symptom load (high vs low symptom loads) and for a one point increase in the continuous SCL-5 score (range 1–4). We adjusted for family-level confounders by comparing siblings differentially exposed to anxiety and depression symptoms. RESULTS: Comparing siblings, a one point increase in the mean SCL-5 score was associated with a 65% increase in the odds of medical benefit receipt from age 20–29 (adjusted OR, 1.65, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.48). Parental anxiety and depression symptom load was an indicator of their adolescent's future risk of medical benefit receipt, and adolescents with both parents reporting high symptom loads seemed to be at a particularly high risk. The anxiety and depression symptom load was only weakly associated with unemployment benefits. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents in families hampered by anxiety and depression symptoms are at a substantially higher risk of medical welfare dependence in young adulthood. The prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression in adolescence should be family-oriented and aimed at ensuring work-life integration. BMJ Publishing Group 2012-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3533058/ /pubmed/23144262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001942 Text en Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non commercial and is otherwise in compliance with the license. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/ and http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode.
spellingShingle Public Health
Pape, Kristine
Bjørngaard, Johan Håkon
Holmen, Turid Lingaas
Krokstad, Steinar
The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study
title The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study
title_full The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study
title_fullStr The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study
title_full_unstemmed The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study
title_short The welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young Norwegians and their families: the HUNT study
title_sort welfare burden of adolescent anxiety and depression: a prospective study of 7500 young norwegians and their families: the hunt study
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3533058/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23144262
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001942
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