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Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism
BACKGROUND: Reduced activity during cognitively demanding tasks has been reported in the default mode network in typically developing controls and individuals with autism. However, no study has investigated the default mode network (DMN) in first-degree relatives of those with autism (such as siblin...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3539860/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23206727 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-3-15 |
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author | Spencer, Michael D Chura, Lindsay R Holt, Rosemary J Suckling, John Calder, Andrew J Bullmore, Edward T Baron-Cohen, Simon |
author_facet | Spencer, Michael D Chura, Lindsay R Holt, Rosemary J Suckling, John Calder, Andrew J Bullmore, Edward T Baron-Cohen, Simon |
author_sort | Spencer, Michael D |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Reduced activity during cognitively demanding tasks has been reported in the default mode network in typically developing controls and individuals with autism. However, no study has investigated the default mode network (DMN) in first-degree relatives of those with autism (such as siblings) and it is not known whether atypical activation of the DMN is specific to autism or whether it is also present in unaffected relatives. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the pattern of task-related deactivation during completion of a visual search task, the Embedded Figures Task, in teenagers with autism, their unaffected siblings and typically developing controls. FINDINGS: We identified striking reductions in deactivation during the Embedded Figures Task in unaffected siblings compared to controls in brain regions corresponding to the default mode network. Adolescents with autism and their unaffected siblings similarly failed to deactivate regions, including posterior cingulate and bilateral inferior parietal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests that a failure to deactivate these regions is a functional endophenotype of autism, related to familial risk for the condition shared between individuals with autism and their siblings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3539860 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35398602013-01-10 Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism Spencer, Michael D Chura, Lindsay R Holt, Rosemary J Suckling, John Calder, Andrew J Bullmore, Edward T Baron-Cohen, Simon Mol Autism Short Report BACKGROUND: Reduced activity during cognitively demanding tasks has been reported in the default mode network in typically developing controls and individuals with autism. However, no study has investigated the default mode network (DMN) in first-degree relatives of those with autism (such as siblings) and it is not known whether atypical activation of the DMN is specific to autism or whether it is also present in unaffected relatives. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the pattern of task-related deactivation during completion of a visual search task, the Embedded Figures Task, in teenagers with autism, their unaffected siblings and typically developing controls. FINDINGS: We identified striking reductions in deactivation during the Embedded Figures Task in unaffected siblings compared to controls in brain regions corresponding to the default mode network. Adolescents with autism and their unaffected siblings similarly failed to deactivate regions, including posterior cingulate and bilateral inferior parietal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests that a failure to deactivate these regions is a functional endophenotype of autism, related to familial risk for the condition shared between individuals with autism and their siblings. BioMed Central 2012-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC3539860/ /pubmed/23206727 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-3-15 Text en Copyright ©2012 Spencer et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Short Report Spencer, Michael D Chura, Lindsay R Holt, Rosemary J Suckling, John Calder, Andrew J Bullmore, Edward T Baron-Cohen, Simon Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism |
title | Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism |
title_full | Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism |
title_fullStr | Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism |
title_full_unstemmed | Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism |
title_short | Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism |
title_sort | failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism |
topic | Short Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3539860/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23206727 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-3-15 |
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