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Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate

BACKGROUND: Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a tricarboxylic acid, has attracted attention as a growth factor, and its application to supplements and cosmetics is underway. The product used for these purposes is a water-soluble salt of PQQ disodium. Although in the past, PQQ disodiumpentahydrates wit...

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Autores principales: Ikemoto, Kazuto, Sakamoto, Hitoshi, Nakano, Masahiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3541126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22713213
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-6-57
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author Ikemoto, Kazuto
Sakamoto, Hitoshi
Nakano, Masahiko
author_facet Ikemoto, Kazuto
Sakamoto, Hitoshi
Nakano, Masahiko
author_sort Ikemoto, Kazuto
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a tricarboxylic acid, has attracted attention as a growth factor, and its application to supplements and cosmetics is underway. The product used for these purposes is a water-soluble salt of PQQ disodium. Although in the past, PQQ disodiumpentahydrates with a high water concentration were used, currently, low hydration crystals of PQQ disodiumpentahydrates are preferred. RESULTS: We prepared a crystal of PQQ disodium trihydrate in a solution of ethanol and water, studied its structure, and analyzed its properties. In the prepared crystal, the sodium atom interacted with the oxygen atom of two carboxylic acids as well as two quinones of the PQQ disodium trihydrate. In addition, the hydration water of the prepared crystal was less than that of the conventional PQQ disodium crystal. From the results of this study, it was found that the color and the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of the prepared crystal changed depending on the water content in the dried samples. CONCLUSIONS: The water content in the dried samples was restored to that in the trihydrate crystal by placing the samples in a humid environment. In addition, the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray diffraction-differential calorimetry (XRD-DSC) analyses show that the phase of the trihydrate crystal changed when the crystallization water was eliminated. The dried crystal has two crystalline forms that are restored to the original trihydrate crystals in 20% relative humidity (RH). This crystalline (PQQ disodium trihydrate) is stable under normal environment.
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spelling pubmed-35411262013-01-11 Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate Ikemoto, Kazuto Sakamoto, Hitoshi Nakano, Masahiko Chem Cent J Research Article BACKGROUND: Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a tricarboxylic acid, has attracted attention as a growth factor, and its application to supplements and cosmetics is underway. The product used for these purposes is a water-soluble salt of PQQ disodium. Although in the past, PQQ disodiumpentahydrates with a high water concentration were used, currently, low hydration crystals of PQQ disodiumpentahydrates are preferred. RESULTS: We prepared a crystal of PQQ disodium trihydrate in a solution of ethanol and water, studied its structure, and analyzed its properties. In the prepared crystal, the sodium atom interacted with the oxygen atom of two carboxylic acids as well as two quinones of the PQQ disodium trihydrate. In addition, the hydration water of the prepared crystal was less than that of the conventional PQQ disodium crystal. From the results of this study, it was found that the color and the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of the prepared crystal changed depending on the water content in the dried samples. CONCLUSIONS: The water content in the dried samples was restored to that in the trihydrate crystal by placing the samples in a humid environment. In addition, the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray diffraction-differential calorimetry (XRD-DSC) analyses show that the phase of the trihydrate crystal changed when the crystallization water was eliminated. The dried crystal has two crystalline forms that are restored to the original trihydrate crystals in 20% relative humidity (RH). This crystalline (PQQ disodium trihydrate) is stable under normal environment. BioMed Central 2012-06-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3541126/ /pubmed/22713213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-6-57 Text en Copyright ©2012 Ikemoto et al.; licensee Chemistry Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ikemoto, Kazuto
Sakamoto, Hitoshi
Nakano, Masahiko
Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate
title Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate
title_full Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate
title_fullStr Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate
title_full_unstemmed Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate
title_short Crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate
title_sort crystal structure and characterization of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium trihydrate
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3541126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22713213
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-6-57
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