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Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh

Arsenic contamination of drinking water is a serious public health threat. In Bangladesh, eight major safe water options provide an alternative to contaminated shallow tubewells: piped water supply, deep tubewells, pond sand filters, community arsenic-removal, household arsenic removal, dug wells, w...

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Autores principales: Inauen, Jennifer, Hossain, Mohammad Mojahidul, Johnston, Richard B., Mosler, Hans-Joachim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3542352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23326477
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053640
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author Inauen, Jennifer
Hossain, Mohammad Mojahidul
Johnston, Richard B.
Mosler, Hans-Joachim
author_facet Inauen, Jennifer
Hossain, Mohammad Mojahidul
Johnston, Richard B.
Mosler, Hans-Joachim
author_sort Inauen, Jennifer
collection PubMed
description Arsenic contamination of drinking water is a serious public health threat. In Bangladesh, eight major safe water options provide an alternative to contaminated shallow tubewells: piped water supply, deep tubewells, pond sand filters, community arsenic-removal, household arsenic removal, dug wells, well-sharing, and rainwater harvesting. However, it is uncertain how well these options are accepted and used by the at-risk population. Based on the RANAS model (risk, attitudes, norms, ability, and self-regulation) this study aimed to identify the acceptance and use of available safe water options. Cross-sectional face-to-face interviews were used to survey 1,268 households in Bangladesh in November 2009 (n = 872), and December 2010 (n = 396). The questionnaire assessed water consumption, acceptance factors from the RANAS model, and socioeconomic factors. Although all respondents had access to at least one arsenic-safe drinking water option, only 62.1% of participants were currently using these alternatives. The most regularly used options were household arsenic removal filters (92.9%) and piped water supply (85.6%). However, the former result may be positively biased due to high refusal rates of household filter owners. The least used option was household rainwater harvesting (36.6%). Those who reported not using an arsenic-safe source differed in terms of numerous acceptance factors from those who reported using arsenic-safe sources: non-users were characterized by greater vulnerability; showed less preference for the taste and temperature of alternative sources; found collecting safe water quite time-consuming; had lower levels of social norms, self-efficacy, and coping planning; and demonstrated lower levels of commitment to collecting safe water. Acceptance was particularly high for piped water supplies and deep tubewells, whereas dug wells and well-sharing were the least accepted sources. Intervention strategies were derived from the results in order to increase the acceptance and use of each arsenic-safe water option.
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spelling pubmed-35423522013-01-16 Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh Inauen, Jennifer Hossain, Mohammad Mojahidul Johnston, Richard B. Mosler, Hans-Joachim PLoS One Research Article Arsenic contamination of drinking water is a serious public health threat. In Bangladesh, eight major safe water options provide an alternative to contaminated shallow tubewells: piped water supply, deep tubewells, pond sand filters, community arsenic-removal, household arsenic removal, dug wells, well-sharing, and rainwater harvesting. However, it is uncertain how well these options are accepted and used by the at-risk population. Based on the RANAS model (risk, attitudes, norms, ability, and self-regulation) this study aimed to identify the acceptance and use of available safe water options. Cross-sectional face-to-face interviews were used to survey 1,268 households in Bangladesh in November 2009 (n = 872), and December 2010 (n = 396). The questionnaire assessed water consumption, acceptance factors from the RANAS model, and socioeconomic factors. Although all respondents had access to at least one arsenic-safe drinking water option, only 62.1% of participants were currently using these alternatives. The most regularly used options were household arsenic removal filters (92.9%) and piped water supply (85.6%). However, the former result may be positively biased due to high refusal rates of household filter owners. The least used option was household rainwater harvesting (36.6%). Those who reported not using an arsenic-safe source differed in terms of numerous acceptance factors from those who reported using arsenic-safe sources: non-users were characterized by greater vulnerability; showed less preference for the taste and temperature of alternative sources; found collecting safe water quite time-consuming; had lower levels of social norms, self-efficacy, and coping planning; and demonstrated lower levels of commitment to collecting safe water. Acceptance was particularly high for piped water supplies and deep tubewells, whereas dug wells and well-sharing were the least accepted sources. Intervention strategies were derived from the results in order to increase the acceptance and use of each arsenic-safe water option. Public Library of Science 2013-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3542352/ /pubmed/23326477 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053640 Text en © 2013 Inauen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Inauen, Jennifer
Hossain, Mohammad Mojahidul
Johnston, Richard B.
Mosler, Hans-Joachim
Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh
title Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh
title_full Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh
title_fullStr Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh
title_full_unstemmed Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh
title_short Acceptance and Use of Eight Arsenic-Safe Drinking Water Options in Bangladesh
title_sort acceptance and use of eight arsenic-safe drinking water options in bangladesh
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3542352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23326477
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053640
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