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Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats
Aged garlic extract (AGE) is known to have a protective effect against immune system, endothelial function, oxidative stress and inflammation. We examined the effects of exercise with and without aged garlic extract administration on body weight, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3542441/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23346301 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2012.6.6.513 |
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author | Seo, Dae Yun Lee, SungRyul Figueroa, Arturo Kwak, Yi Sub Kim, Nari Rhee, Byoung Doo Ko, Kyung Soo Bang, Hyun Seok Baek, Yeong Ho Han, Jin |
author_facet | Seo, Dae Yun Lee, SungRyul Figueroa, Arturo Kwak, Yi Sub Kim, Nari Rhee, Byoung Doo Ko, Kyung Soo Bang, Hyun Seok Baek, Yeong Ho Han, Jin |
author_sort | Seo, Dae Yun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Aged garlic extract (AGE) is known to have a protective effect against immune system, endothelial function, oxidative stress and inflammation. We examined the effects of exercise with and without aged garlic extract administration on body weight, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress marker in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a HFD (HFD, n = 40) or a normal diet (ND, n = 5) for 6 weeks and thereafter randomized into ND (n = 5), HFD (n = 10), HFD with AGE (n = 10), HFD with Exercise (n = 10), or HFD with Exercise+AGE (n = 10) for 4 weeks. AGE groups were administered at a dose of 2.86 g/kg·body weight, orally. Exercise consisted of running 15-60 min 5 days/week with gradually increasing intensity. AGE (P < 0.01), Exercise, and Exercise+AGE (P < 0.001) attenuated body weight gain and food efficiency ratio compared to HFD. Visceral fat and liver weight gain were attenuated (P < 0.05) with all three interventions with a greater effect on visceral fat in the Exercise+AGE than AGE (P < 0.001). In reducing visceral fat (P < 0.001), epididymal fat (P < 0.01) and liver weight (P < 0.001), Exercise+AGE was effective, but exercise showed a stronger suppressive effect than AGE. Exercise+AGE showed further additive effects on reducing visceral fat and liver weight (P < 0.001). AGE significantly attenuated the increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared with HFD (P < 0.05). Exercise+AGE attenuated the increase in triglycerides compared with HFD (P < 0.05). Exercise group significantly decrease in C-reactive protein (P < 0.001). These results suggest that AGE supplementation and exercise alone have anti-obesity, cholesterol lowering, and anti-inflammatory effects, but the combined intervention is more effective in reducing weight gain and triglycerides levels than either intervention alone. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3542441 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35424412013-01-23 Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats Seo, Dae Yun Lee, SungRyul Figueroa, Arturo Kwak, Yi Sub Kim, Nari Rhee, Byoung Doo Ko, Kyung Soo Bang, Hyun Seok Baek, Yeong Ho Han, Jin Nutr Res Pract Original Research Aged garlic extract (AGE) is known to have a protective effect against immune system, endothelial function, oxidative stress and inflammation. We examined the effects of exercise with and without aged garlic extract administration on body weight, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress marker in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a HFD (HFD, n = 40) or a normal diet (ND, n = 5) for 6 weeks and thereafter randomized into ND (n = 5), HFD (n = 10), HFD with AGE (n = 10), HFD with Exercise (n = 10), or HFD with Exercise+AGE (n = 10) for 4 weeks. AGE groups were administered at a dose of 2.86 g/kg·body weight, orally. Exercise consisted of running 15-60 min 5 days/week with gradually increasing intensity. AGE (P < 0.01), Exercise, and Exercise+AGE (P < 0.001) attenuated body weight gain and food efficiency ratio compared to HFD. Visceral fat and liver weight gain were attenuated (P < 0.05) with all three interventions with a greater effect on visceral fat in the Exercise+AGE than AGE (P < 0.001). In reducing visceral fat (P < 0.001), epididymal fat (P < 0.01) and liver weight (P < 0.001), Exercise+AGE was effective, but exercise showed a stronger suppressive effect than AGE. Exercise+AGE showed further additive effects on reducing visceral fat and liver weight (P < 0.001). AGE significantly attenuated the increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared with HFD (P < 0.05). Exercise+AGE attenuated the increase in triglycerides compared with HFD (P < 0.05). Exercise group significantly decrease in C-reactive protein (P < 0.001). These results suggest that AGE supplementation and exercise alone have anti-obesity, cholesterol lowering, and anti-inflammatory effects, but the combined intervention is more effective in reducing weight gain and triglycerides levels than either intervention alone. The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2012-12 2012-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3542441/ /pubmed/23346301 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2012.6.6.513 Text en ©2012 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Seo, Dae Yun Lee, SungRyul Figueroa, Arturo Kwak, Yi Sub Kim, Nari Rhee, Byoung Doo Ko, Kyung Soo Bang, Hyun Seok Baek, Yeong Ho Han, Jin Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats |
title | Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats |
title_full | Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats |
title_fullStr | Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats |
title_short | Aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats |
title_sort | aged garlic extract enhances exercise-mediated improvement of metabolic parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3542441/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23346301 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2012.6.6.513 |
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