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Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants
BACKGROUND: Formerly known as a hypoendemic malaria country, the Republic of Djibouti declared the goal of pre-eliminating malaria in 2006. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections in the Djiboutian population by usin...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3544601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23190709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-395 |
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author | Khaireh, Bouh Abdi Briolant, Sébastien Pascual, Aurélie Mokrane, Madjid Machault, Vanessa Travaillé, Christelle Khaireh, Mohamed Abdi Farah, Ismail Hassan Ali, Habib Moussa Abdi, Abdul-Ilah Ahmed Ayeh, Souleiman Nour Darar, Houssein Youssouf Ollivier, Lénaïck Waiss, Mohamed Killeh Bogreau, Hervé Rogier, Christophe Pradines, Bruno |
author_facet | Khaireh, Bouh Abdi Briolant, Sébastien Pascual, Aurélie Mokrane, Madjid Machault, Vanessa Travaillé, Christelle Khaireh, Mohamed Abdi Farah, Ismail Hassan Ali, Habib Moussa Abdi, Abdul-Ilah Ahmed Ayeh, Souleiman Nour Darar, Houssein Youssouf Ollivier, Lénaïck Waiss, Mohamed Killeh Bogreau, Hervé Rogier, Christophe Pradines, Bruno |
author_sort | Khaireh, Bouh Abdi |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Formerly known as a hypoendemic malaria country, the Republic of Djibouti declared the goal of pre-eliminating malaria in 2006. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections in the Djiboutian population by using serological tools and to identify potential determinants of the disease and hotspots of malaria transmission within the country. METHODS: The prevalence of P. falciparum and P. vivax within the districts of the capital city and the rest of the Republic of Djibouti were assessed using 13 and 2 serological markers, respectively. The relationship between the immune humeral response to P. falciparum and P. vivax and variables such as age, gender, wealth status, urbanism, educational level, distance to rivers/lakes, living area, having fever in the last month, and staying in a malaria-endemic country more than one year was estimated and analysed by questionnaires administered to 1910 Djiboutians. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression models of the immune humeral response were obtained for P. falciparum and P. vivax. RESULTS: The P. falciparum and P. vivax seroprevalence rates were 31.5%, CI95% [29.4-33.7] and 17.5%, CI95% [15.8-19.3], respectively. Protective effects against P. falciparum and P. vivax were female gender, educational level, and never having visited a malaria-endemic area for more than one year. For P. falciparum only, a protective effect was observed for not having a fever in the last month, living more than 1.5 km away from lakes and rivers, and younger ages. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that assessed the seroprevalence of P. vivax in the Republic of Djibouti. It is necessary to improve knowledge of this pathogen in order to create an effective elimination programme. As supported by recent observations on the subject, the Republic of Djibouti has probably demonstrated a real decrease in the transmission of P. falciparum in the past seven years, which should encourage authorities to improve efforts toward elimination. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3544601 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35446012013-01-16 Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants Khaireh, Bouh Abdi Briolant, Sébastien Pascual, Aurélie Mokrane, Madjid Machault, Vanessa Travaillé, Christelle Khaireh, Mohamed Abdi Farah, Ismail Hassan Ali, Habib Moussa Abdi, Abdul-Ilah Ahmed Ayeh, Souleiman Nour Darar, Houssein Youssouf Ollivier, Lénaïck Waiss, Mohamed Killeh Bogreau, Hervé Rogier, Christophe Pradines, Bruno Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Formerly known as a hypoendemic malaria country, the Republic of Djibouti declared the goal of pre-eliminating malaria in 2006. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections in the Djiboutian population by using serological tools and to identify potential determinants of the disease and hotspots of malaria transmission within the country. METHODS: The prevalence of P. falciparum and P. vivax within the districts of the capital city and the rest of the Republic of Djibouti were assessed using 13 and 2 serological markers, respectively. The relationship between the immune humeral response to P. falciparum and P. vivax and variables such as age, gender, wealth status, urbanism, educational level, distance to rivers/lakes, living area, having fever in the last month, and staying in a malaria-endemic country more than one year was estimated and analysed by questionnaires administered to 1910 Djiboutians. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression models of the immune humeral response were obtained for P. falciparum and P. vivax. RESULTS: The P. falciparum and P. vivax seroprevalence rates were 31.5%, CI95% [29.4-33.7] and 17.5%, CI95% [15.8-19.3], respectively. Protective effects against P. falciparum and P. vivax were female gender, educational level, and never having visited a malaria-endemic area for more than one year. For P. falciparum only, a protective effect was observed for not having a fever in the last month, living more than 1.5 km away from lakes and rivers, and younger ages. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that assessed the seroprevalence of P. vivax in the Republic of Djibouti. It is necessary to improve knowledge of this pathogen in order to create an effective elimination programme. As supported by recent observations on the subject, the Republic of Djibouti has probably demonstrated a real decrease in the transmission of P. falciparum in the past seven years, which should encourage authorities to improve efforts toward elimination. BioMed Central 2012-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3544601/ /pubmed/23190709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-395 Text en Copyright ©2012 Khaireh et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Khaireh, Bouh Abdi Briolant, Sébastien Pascual, Aurélie Mokrane, Madjid Machault, Vanessa Travaillé, Christelle Khaireh, Mohamed Abdi Farah, Ismail Hassan Ali, Habib Moussa Abdi, Abdul-Ilah Ahmed Ayeh, Souleiman Nour Darar, Houssein Youssouf Ollivier, Lénaïck Waiss, Mohamed Killeh Bogreau, Hervé Rogier, Christophe Pradines, Bruno Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants |
title | Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants |
title_full | Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants |
title_fullStr | Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants |
title_full_unstemmed | Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants |
title_short | Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in the Republic of Djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants |
title_sort | plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum infections in the republic of djibouti: evaluation of their prevalence and potential determinants |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3544601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23190709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-395 |
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