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Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Understanding the dynamics of smoking at the population level is essential for the planning and evaluation of prevention and control measures. We aimed to describe trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portuguese adults by sex, age-group and birth cohort. METHODS: PubMed was searched fr...

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Autores principales: Carreira, Helena, Pereira, Marta, Azevedo, Ana, Lunet, Nuno
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3544737/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23137286
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-958
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author Carreira, Helena
Pereira, Marta
Azevedo, Ana
Lunet, Nuno
author_facet Carreira, Helena
Pereira, Marta
Azevedo, Ana
Lunet, Nuno
author_sort Carreira, Helena
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Understanding the dynamics of smoking at the population level is essential for the planning and evaluation of prevention and control measures. We aimed to describe trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portuguese adults by sex, age-group and birth cohort. METHODS: PubMed was searched from inception up to 2011. Linear regression was used to assess differences in prevalence estimates according to the type of population sampled, and to estimate time trends of smoking prevalence considering only the results of studies on nationally representative samples of the general population. RESULTS: Thirty eligible studies were identified. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence estimates according to the types of population sampled in the original studies. Between 1987 and 2008, the prevalence of smoking increased significantly among women aged ≤ 70 years; the steepest increase was observed in those aged 31–50 and 51–70 years (from 4.6% and 0.1% in 1988, respectively, to 16.4% and 4.5% in 2008, respectively). The prevalence of smoking increased in all birth cohorts, except for those born before 1926. In the same period, among men, smoking decreased in all age-groups, with steepest declines in those aged ≤ 30 years (from 41.8% in 1988 to 28.8% in 2008) and those aged ≥ 71 years (from 15.1% in 1988 to 4.6% in 2008). The prevalence of smoking declined among men of all birth cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides robust evidence to place Portuguese women at stage II and men at the later stages of the tobacco epidemic.
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spelling pubmed-35447372013-01-15 Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review Carreira, Helena Pereira, Marta Azevedo, Ana Lunet, Nuno BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Understanding the dynamics of smoking at the population level is essential for the planning and evaluation of prevention and control measures. We aimed to describe trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portuguese adults by sex, age-group and birth cohort. METHODS: PubMed was searched from inception up to 2011. Linear regression was used to assess differences in prevalence estimates according to the type of population sampled, and to estimate time trends of smoking prevalence considering only the results of studies on nationally representative samples of the general population. RESULTS: Thirty eligible studies were identified. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence estimates according to the types of population sampled in the original studies. Between 1987 and 2008, the prevalence of smoking increased significantly among women aged ≤ 70 years; the steepest increase was observed in those aged 31–50 and 51–70 years (from 4.6% and 0.1% in 1988, respectively, to 16.4% and 4.5% in 2008, respectively). The prevalence of smoking increased in all birth cohorts, except for those born before 1926. In the same period, among men, smoking decreased in all age-groups, with steepest declines in those aged ≤ 30 years (from 41.8% in 1988 to 28.8% in 2008) and those aged ≥ 71 years (from 15.1% in 1988 to 4.6% in 2008). The prevalence of smoking declined among men of all birth cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides robust evidence to place Portuguese women at stage II and men at the later stages of the tobacco epidemic. BioMed Central 2012-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3544737/ /pubmed/23137286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-958 Text en Copyright ©2012 Carreira et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Carreira, Helena
Pereira, Marta
Azevedo, Ana
Lunet, Nuno
Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review
title Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review
title_full Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review
title_fullStr Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review
title_short Trends in the prevalence of smoking in Portugal: a systematic review
title_sort trends in the prevalence of smoking in portugal: a systematic review
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3544737/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23137286
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-958
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