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Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia

BACKGROUND: To describe the epidemiology and possible risk factors for the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Namibia. METHODS: Using medical records and patient questionnaires, we conducted a case-control study among patients diagnosed with TB between January 2007 and March...

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Autores principales: Ricks, Philip M, Mavhunga, Farai, Modi, Surbhi, Indongo, Rosalia, Zezai, Abbas, Lambert, Lauren A, DeLuca, Nick, Krashin, Jamie S, Nakashima, Allyn K, Holtz, Timothy H
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3547706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23273024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-12-385
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author Ricks, Philip M
Mavhunga, Farai
Modi, Surbhi
Indongo, Rosalia
Zezai, Abbas
Lambert, Lauren A
DeLuca, Nick
Krashin, Jamie S
Nakashima, Allyn K
Holtz, Timothy H
author_facet Ricks, Philip M
Mavhunga, Farai
Modi, Surbhi
Indongo, Rosalia
Zezai, Abbas
Lambert, Lauren A
DeLuca, Nick
Krashin, Jamie S
Nakashima, Allyn K
Holtz, Timothy H
author_sort Ricks, Philip M
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To describe the epidemiology and possible risk factors for the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Namibia. METHODS: Using medical records and patient questionnaires, we conducted a case-control study among patients diagnosed with TB between January 2007 and March 2009. Cases were defined as patients with laboratory-confirmed MDR-TB; controls had laboratory-confirmed drug-susceptible TB or were being treated with WHO Category I or Category II treatment regimens. RESULTS: We enrolled 117 MDR-TB cases and 251 TB controls, of which 100% and 2% were laboratory-confirmed, respectively. Among cases, 97% (113/117) had been treated for TB before the current episode compared with 46% (115/251) of controls (odds ratio [OR] 28.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.3–80.5). Cases were significantly more likely to have been previously hospitalized (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.5) and to have had a household member with MDR-TB (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.1–12.5). These associations remained significant when separately controlled for being currently hospitalized or HIV-infection. CONCLUSIONS: MDR-TB was associated with previous treatment for TB, previous hospitalization, and having had a household member with MDR-TB, suggesting that TB control practices have been inadequate. Strengthening basic TB control practices, including expanding laboratory confirmation, directly observed therapy, and infection control, are critical to the prevention of MDR-TB.
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spelling pubmed-35477062013-01-23 Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia Ricks, Philip M Mavhunga, Farai Modi, Surbhi Indongo, Rosalia Zezai, Abbas Lambert, Lauren A DeLuca, Nick Krashin, Jamie S Nakashima, Allyn K Holtz, Timothy H BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: To describe the epidemiology and possible risk factors for the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Namibia. METHODS: Using medical records and patient questionnaires, we conducted a case-control study among patients diagnosed with TB between January 2007 and March 2009. Cases were defined as patients with laboratory-confirmed MDR-TB; controls had laboratory-confirmed drug-susceptible TB or were being treated with WHO Category I or Category II treatment regimens. RESULTS: We enrolled 117 MDR-TB cases and 251 TB controls, of which 100% and 2% were laboratory-confirmed, respectively. Among cases, 97% (113/117) had been treated for TB before the current episode compared with 46% (115/251) of controls (odds ratio [OR] 28.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.3–80.5). Cases were significantly more likely to have been previously hospitalized (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.5) and to have had a household member with MDR-TB (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.1–12.5). These associations remained significant when separately controlled for being currently hospitalized or HIV-infection. CONCLUSIONS: MDR-TB was associated with previous treatment for TB, previous hospitalization, and having had a household member with MDR-TB, suggesting that TB control practices have been inadequate. Strengthening basic TB control practices, including expanding laboratory confirmation, directly observed therapy, and infection control, are critical to the prevention of MDR-TB. BioMed Central 2012-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3547706/ /pubmed/23273024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-12-385 Text en Copyright ©2012 Ricks et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ricks, Philip M
Mavhunga, Farai
Modi, Surbhi
Indongo, Rosalia
Zezai, Abbas
Lambert, Lauren A
DeLuca, Nick
Krashin, Jamie S
Nakashima, Allyn K
Holtz, Timothy H
Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia
title Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia
title_full Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia
title_fullStr Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia
title_full_unstemmed Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia
title_short Characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Namibia
title_sort characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in namibia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3547706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23273024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-12-385
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