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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA
BACKGROUND: Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA serves as transcriptionally active templates in HIV-infected cells. Several host factors including NF-κβ enhance HIV-1 transcription. HIV-1 induced NF-κβ activation can be suppressed by viral protein U (Vpu). Interestingly HIV-1 Vpu shares amino acid homology with...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3547713/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23164059 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-9-277 |
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author | Emeagwali, Nkiruka Hildreth, James EK |
author_facet | Emeagwali, Nkiruka Hildreth, James EK |
author_sort | Emeagwali, Nkiruka |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA serves as transcriptionally active templates in HIV-infected cells. Several host factors including NF-κβ enhance HIV-1 transcription. HIV-1 induced NF-κβ activation can be suppressed by viral protein U (Vpu). Interestingly HIV-1 Vpu shares amino acid homology with cellular Twik-related Acid Sensitive K+ (TASK) channel 1 and the proteins physically interact in cultured cells and AIDS lymphoid tissue. Furthermore, the first transmembrane domain of TASK-1 is functionally interchangeable with Vpu and like Vpu enhances HIV-1 release. RESULTS: Here we further characterize the role of TASK channels and Vpu in HIV-1 replication. We demonstrate that both TASK channels and Vpu can preferentially inhibit transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA. Interestingly, TASK-1 ion channel function is not required and suppression of HIV-1 transcription by TASK-1 and Vpu was reversed by overexpression of RelA (NF-κβ p65). CONCLUSION: TASK proteins and Vpu suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA through an NF-κβ-dependent mechanism. Taken together these findings support a possible physiological role for HIV-1 Vpu and TASK proteins as modulators of transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA genomes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3547713 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35477132013-01-23 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA Emeagwali, Nkiruka Hildreth, James EK Virol J Research BACKGROUND: Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA serves as transcriptionally active templates in HIV-infected cells. Several host factors including NF-κβ enhance HIV-1 transcription. HIV-1 induced NF-κβ activation can be suppressed by viral protein U (Vpu). Interestingly HIV-1 Vpu shares amino acid homology with cellular Twik-related Acid Sensitive K+ (TASK) channel 1 and the proteins physically interact in cultured cells and AIDS lymphoid tissue. Furthermore, the first transmembrane domain of TASK-1 is functionally interchangeable with Vpu and like Vpu enhances HIV-1 release. RESULTS: Here we further characterize the role of TASK channels and Vpu in HIV-1 replication. We demonstrate that both TASK channels and Vpu can preferentially inhibit transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA. Interestingly, TASK-1 ion channel function is not required and suppression of HIV-1 transcription by TASK-1 and Vpu was reversed by overexpression of RelA (NF-κβ p65). CONCLUSION: TASK proteins and Vpu suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA through an NF-κβ-dependent mechanism. Taken together these findings support a possible physiological role for HIV-1 Vpu and TASK proteins as modulators of transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA genomes. BioMed Central 2012-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3547713/ /pubmed/23164059 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-9-277 Text en Copyright ©2012 Emeagwali and Hildreth; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Emeagwali, Nkiruka Hildreth, James EK Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA |
title | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA |
title_full | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA |
title_fullStr | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA |
title_full_unstemmed | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA |
title_short | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and cellular TASK proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA |
title_sort | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpu and cellular task proteins suppress transcription of unintegrated hiv-1 dna |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3547713/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23164059 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-9-277 |
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