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Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences

Aims: Review of evidence in support of an oral-facial growth impairment in the development of pediatric sleep apnea in non-obese children. Method: Review of experimental data from infant monkeys with experimentally induced nasal resistance. Review of early historical data in the orthodontic literatu...

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Autores principales: Huang, Yu-Shu, Guilleminault, Christian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3551039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23346072
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2012.00184
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author Huang, Yu-Shu
Guilleminault, Christian
author_facet Huang, Yu-Shu
Guilleminault, Christian
author_sort Huang, Yu-Shu
collection PubMed
description Aims: Review of evidence in support of an oral-facial growth impairment in the development of pediatric sleep apnea in non-obese children. Method: Review of experimental data from infant monkeys with experimentally induced nasal resistance. Review of early historical data in the orthodontic literature indicating the abnormal oral-facial development associated with mouth breathing and nasal resistance. Review of the progressive demonstration of sleep-disordered-breathing (SDB) in children who underwent incomplete treatment of OSA with adenotonsillectomy, and demonstration of abnormal oral-facial anatomy that must often be treated in order for the resolution of OSA. Review of data of long-term recurrence of OSA and indication of oral-facial myofunctional dysfunction in association with the recurrence of OSA. Results: Presentation of prospective data on premature infants and SDB-treated children, supporting the concept of oral-facial hypotonia. Presentation of evidence supporting hypotonia as a primary element in the development of oral-facial anatomic abnormalities leading to abnormal breathing during sleep. Continuous interaction between oral-facial muscle tone, maxillary-mandibular growth and development of SDB. Role of myofunctional reeducation with orthodontics and elimination of upper airway soft tissue in the treatment of non-obese SDB children. Conclusion: Pediatric OSA in non-obese children is a disorder of oral-facial growth.
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spelling pubmed-35510392013-01-23 Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences Huang, Yu-Shu Guilleminault, Christian Front Neurol Neuroscience Aims: Review of evidence in support of an oral-facial growth impairment in the development of pediatric sleep apnea in non-obese children. Method: Review of experimental data from infant monkeys with experimentally induced nasal resistance. Review of early historical data in the orthodontic literature indicating the abnormal oral-facial development associated with mouth breathing and nasal resistance. Review of the progressive demonstration of sleep-disordered-breathing (SDB) in children who underwent incomplete treatment of OSA with adenotonsillectomy, and demonstration of abnormal oral-facial anatomy that must often be treated in order for the resolution of OSA. Review of data of long-term recurrence of OSA and indication of oral-facial myofunctional dysfunction in association with the recurrence of OSA. Results: Presentation of prospective data on premature infants and SDB-treated children, supporting the concept of oral-facial hypotonia. Presentation of evidence supporting hypotonia as a primary element in the development of oral-facial anatomic abnormalities leading to abnormal breathing during sleep. Continuous interaction between oral-facial muscle tone, maxillary-mandibular growth and development of SDB. Role of myofunctional reeducation with orthodontics and elimination of upper airway soft tissue in the treatment of non-obese SDB children. Conclusion: Pediatric OSA in non-obese children is a disorder of oral-facial growth. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3551039/ /pubmed/23346072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2012.00184 Text en Copyright © 2013 Huang and Guilleminault. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Huang, Yu-Shu
Guilleminault, Christian
Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences
title Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences
title_full Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences
title_fullStr Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences
title_full_unstemmed Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences
title_short Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Critical Role of Oral-Facial Growth: Evidences
title_sort pediatric obstructive sleep apnea and the critical role of oral-facial growth: evidences
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3551039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23346072
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2012.00184
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