Atypical meningioma as a solitary malignancy in a patient with Rothmund-Thompson syndrome

BACKGROUND: Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by genomic instability and increased risk of various malignancies, especially osteosarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma. We report the first RTS patient who developed a central nervous system (CNS)-related neoplasm. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 28-year-old male, previously diagnosed with RTS , developed a massive parasagital lesion, detected by magnetic resonance imaging. The tumor was surgically removed and histologically diagnosed as atypical meningioma. Preoperative symptoms were dramatically improved. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first description of a CNS-related malignancy in RTS patients. Although rare, the genomic instability and additional risk factors of this syndrome should be considered in choosing the course of treatment.