Standard Operating Procedure for Prospective Individualised Dosimetry for ([131])I-rituximab Radioimmunotherapy of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is an attractive therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) as it allows targeted tumor irradiation which provides a cytotoxic effect significantly greater than that of the immune-mediated effects of a non-radioactive, or ‘cold’, antibody alone. Anti-CD20 antibodies such as rituximab are ideal for RIT, as not only is it easily iodinated, but the CD20 antigen is found on more than 95% of B-cell NHL. A standard operating procedure (SOP) has been formulated for personalized prospective dosimetry for safe, effective outpatient (131)I-rituximab RIT of NHL. Over five years, experience of treatment of outpatients with (131)I-rituximab was analyzed with respect to critical organ radiation dose in patients and radiation exposure of their carers. This radiation safety methodology has been refined; and offers the potential for safe, practical application to outpatient (131)I-rituximab RIT of lymphoma in general and in developing countries in particular. Given endorsement and sanction of this SOP by local regulatory authorities the personalized dosimetry paradigm will facilitate incorporation of RIT into the routine clinical practice of therapeutic nuclear oncology worldwide.