Adipose derived stem cells for treatment of mandibular bone defects: An autologous study in dogs

BACKGROUND: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of adipose derived stem cells on bone repair in through and through mandibular bone defects of canine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective comparative study, adipose-derived stem cells were isolated from subcutaneous fat of lateral thoracic area of 4 dogs. The isolated cells were cultured and expanded through 3 passages. The undifferentiated stem cells were seeded in Collatamp and transferred into mandibular bone through-and-through defects. Similar defects on control group were filled with cell-free Collatamp. After 6 weeks, biopsies were taken and histomorphometric analysis was performed. The percentage of new bone formation was measured in each case. The data were subject to statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test. Differences at P≤0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: H and E staining of decalcified samples revealed more bone formation in the group, which stem cells were seeded. Cell-free collatamp group revealed an average bone regeneration of %41±13.21, while adipose derived stem cell-seeded collatamp group showed %49±8.24. CONCLUSION: The use of stem cell seeded collatamp scaffold in mandibular defects caused more bone regeneration.