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East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus

BACKGROUND: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a major food source for over 200 million sub-Saharan Africans. Unfortunately, its cultivation is severely hampered by cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Caused by a complex of bipartite cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMG) species (Family: Geminivirideae; Genus: B...

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Autores principales: De Bruyn, Alexandre, Villemot, Julie, Lefeuvre, Pierre, Villar, Emilie, Hoareau, Murielle, Harimalala, Mireille, Abdoul-Karime, Anli L, Abdou-Chakour, Chadhouliati, Reynaud, Bernard, Harkins, Gordon W, Varsani, Arvind, Martin, Darren P, Lett, Jean-Michel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3560262/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23186303
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-228
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author De Bruyn, Alexandre
Villemot, Julie
Lefeuvre, Pierre
Villar, Emilie
Hoareau, Murielle
Harimalala, Mireille
Abdoul-Karime, Anli L
Abdou-Chakour, Chadhouliati
Reynaud, Bernard
Harkins, Gordon W
Varsani, Arvind
Martin, Darren P
Lett, Jean-Michel
author_facet De Bruyn, Alexandre
Villemot, Julie
Lefeuvre, Pierre
Villar, Emilie
Hoareau, Murielle
Harimalala, Mireille
Abdoul-Karime, Anli L
Abdou-Chakour, Chadhouliati
Reynaud, Bernard
Harkins, Gordon W
Varsani, Arvind
Martin, Darren P
Lett, Jean-Michel
author_sort De Bruyn, Alexandre
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a major food source for over 200 million sub-Saharan Africans. Unfortunately, its cultivation is severely hampered by cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Caused by a complex of bipartite cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMG) species (Family: Geminivirideae; Genus: Begomovirus) CMD has been widely described throughout Africa and it is apparent that CMG's are expanding their geographical distribution. Determining where and when CMG movements have occurred could help curtail its spread and reveal the ecological and anthropic factors associated with similar viral invasions. We applied Bayesian phylogeographic inference and recombination analyses to available and newly described CMG sequences to reconstruct a plausible history of CMG diversification and migration between Africa and South West Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands. RESULTS: The isolation and analysis of 114 DNA-A and 41 DNA-B sequences demonstrated the presence of three CMG species circulating in the Comoros and Seychelles archipelagos (East African cassava mosaic virus, EACMV; East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus, EACMKV; and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus, EACMCV). Phylogeographic analyses suggest that CMG’s presence on these SWIO islands is probably the result of at least four independent introduction events from mainland Africa occurring between 1988 and 2009. Amongst the islands of the Comoros archipelago, two major migration pathways were inferred: One from Grande Comore to Mohéli and the second from Mayotte to Anjouan. While only two recombination events characteristic of SWIO islands isolates were identified, numerous re-assortments events were detected between EACMV and EACMKV, which seem to almost freely interchange their genome components. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid and extensive virus spread within the SWIO islands was demonstrated for three CMG complex species. Strong evolutionary or ecological interaction between CMG species may explain both their propensity to exchange components and the absence of recombination with non-CMG begomoviruses. Our results suggest an important role of anthropic factors in CMGs spread as the principal axes of viral migration correspond with major routes of human movement and commercial trade. Finer-scale temporal analyses of CMGs to precisely scale the relative contributions of human and insect transmission to their movement dynamics will require further extensive sampling in the SWIO region.
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spelling pubmed-35602622013-02-04 East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus De Bruyn, Alexandre Villemot, Julie Lefeuvre, Pierre Villar, Emilie Hoareau, Murielle Harimalala, Mireille Abdoul-Karime, Anli L Abdou-Chakour, Chadhouliati Reynaud, Bernard Harkins, Gordon W Varsani, Arvind Martin, Darren P Lett, Jean-Michel BMC Evol Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a major food source for over 200 million sub-Saharan Africans. Unfortunately, its cultivation is severely hampered by cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Caused by a complex of bipartite cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMG) species (Family: Geminivirideae; Genus: Begomovirus) CMD has been widely described throughout Africa and it is apparent that CMG's are expanding their geographical distribution. Determining where and when CMG movements have occurred could help curtail its spread and reveal the ecological and anthropic factors associated with similar viral invasions. We applied Bayesian phylogeographic inference and recombination analyses to available and newly described CMG sequences to reconstruct a plausible history of CMG diversification and migration between Africa and South West Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands. RESULTS: The isolation and analysis of 114 DNA-A and 41 DNA-B sequences demonstrated the presence of three CMG species circulating in the Comoros and Seychelles archipelagos (East African cassava mosaic virus, EACMV; East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus, EACMKV; and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus, EACMCV). Phylogeographic analyses suggest that CMG’s presence on these SWIO islands is probably the result of at least four independent introduction events from mainland Africa occurring between 1988 and 2009. Amongst the islands of the Comoros archipelago, two major migration pathways were inferred: One from Grande Comore to Mohéli and the second from Mayotte to Anjouan. While only two recombination events characteristic of SWIO islands isolates were identified, numerous re-assortments events were detected between EACMV and EACMKV, which seem to almost freely interchange their genome components. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid and extensive virus spread within the SWIO islands was demonstrated for three CMG complex species. Strong evolutionary or ecological interaction between CMG species may explain both their propensity to exchange components and the absence of recombination with non-CMG begomoviruses. Our results suggest an important role of anthropic factors in CMGs spread as the principal axes of viral migration correspond with major routes of human movement and commercial trade. Finer-scale temporal analyses of CMGs to precisely scale the relative contributions of human and insect transmission to their movement dynamics will require further extensive sampling in the SWIO region. BioMed Central 2012-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC3560262/ /pubmed/23186303 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-228 Text en Copyright ©2012 De Bruyn et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
De Bruyn, Alexandre
Villemot, Julie
Lefeuvre, Pierre
Villar, Emilie
Hoareau, Murielle
Harimalala, Mireille
Abdoul-Karime, Anli L
Abdou-Chakour, Chadhouliati
Reynaud, Bernard
Harkins, Gordon W
Varsani, Arvind
Martin, Darren P
Lett, Jean-Michel
East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus
title East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus
title_full East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus
title_fullStr East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus
title_full_unstemmed East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus
title_short East African cassava mosaic-like viruses from Africa to Indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus
title_sort east african cassava mosaic-like viruses from africa to indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3560262/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23186303
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-228
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