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Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence

Mosquitoes vary in their competence or ability to transmit arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Many arboviruses cause disease in humans and animals. Identifying the environmental and genetic causes of variation in mosquito competence for arboviruses is one of the great challenges in public health...

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Autor principal: Tabachnick, Walter J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3564141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23343982
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10010249
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author Tabachnick, Walter J.
author_facet Tabachnick, Walter J.
author_sort Tabachnick, Walter J.
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description Mosquitoes vary in their competence or ability to transmit arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Many arboviruses cause disease in humans and animals. Identifying the environmental and genetic causes of variation in mosquito competence for arboviruses is one of the great challenges in public health. Progress identifying genetic (nature) and environmental (nurture) factors influencing mosquito competence for arboviruses is reviewed. There is great complexity in the various traits that comprise mosquito competence. The complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors controlling these traits and the factors shaping variation in Nature are largely unknown. The norms of reaction of specific genes influencing competence, their distributions in natural populations and the effects of genetic polymorphism on phenotypic variation need to be determined. Mechanisms influencing competence are not likely due to natural selection because of the direct effects of the arbovirus on mosquito fitness. More likely the traits for mosquito competence for arboviruses are the effects of adaptations for other functions of these competence mechanisms. Determining these other functions is essential to understand the evolution and distributions of competence for arboviruses. This information is needed to assess risk from mosquito-borne disease, predict new mosquito-arbovirus systems, and provide novel strategies to mitigate mosquito-borne arbovirus transmission.
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spelling pubmed-35641412013-02-11 Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence Tabachnick, Walter J. Int J Environ Res Public Health Review Mosquitoes vary in their competence or ability to transmit arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Many arboviruses cause disease in humans and animals. Identifying the environmental and genetic causes of variation in mosquito competence for arboviruses is one of the great challenges in public health. Progress identifying genetic (nature) and environmental (nurture) factors influencing mosquito competence for arboviruses is reviewed. There is great complexity in the various traits that comprise mosquito competence. The complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors controlling these traits and the factors shaping variation in Nature are largely unknown. The norms of reaction of specific genes influencing competence, their distributions in natural populations and the effects of genetic polymorphism on phenotypic variation need to be determined. Mechanisms influencing competence are not likely due to natural selection because of the direct effects of the arbovirus on mosquito fitness. More likely the traits for mosquito competence for arboviruses are the effects of adaptations for other functions of these competence mechanisms. Determining these other functions is essential to understand the evolution and distributions of competence for arboviruses. This information is needed to assess risk from mosquito-borne disease, predict new mosquito-arbovirus systems, and provide novel strategies to mitigate mosquito-borne arbovirus transmission. MDPI 2013-01-11 2013-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3564141/ /pubmed/23343982 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10010249 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Tabachnick, Walter J.
Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence
title Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence
title_full Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence
title_fullStr Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence
title_full_unstemmed Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence
title_short Nature, Nurture and Evolution of Intra-Species Variation in Mosquito Arbovirus Transmission Competence
title_sort nature, nurture and evolution of intra-species variation in mosquito arbovirus transmission competence
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3564141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23343982
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10010249
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