Cargando…
Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development
Prohibition of Ot (organotin) compounds was introduced in Japan in 1997 and worldwide from September 2008. This meant that the production of paints containing TBT compounds was stopped and alternatives to the available Ot antifoulants had to be developed. It has been claimed that the degradation by-...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2012
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3565272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263671 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14010421 |
_version_ | 1782258429409099776 |
---|---|
author | Tsunemasa, Noritaka Tsuboi, Ai Okamura, Hideo |
author_facet | Tsunemasa, Noritaka Tsuboi, Ai Okamura, Hideo |
author_sort | Tsunemasa, Noritaka |
collection | PubMed |
description | Prohibition of Ot (organotin) compounds was introduced in Japan in 1997 and worldwide from September 2008. This meant that the production of paints containing TBT compounds was stopped and alternatives to the available Ot antifoulants had to be developed. It has been claimed that the degradation by-products of these alternative antifoulants were less toxic than those of Ot compounds. Since the introduction of the alternative antifoulants, the accumulation of these compounds has been reported in many countries. However, the toxicity of these compounds was still largely unreported. In this research, the toxicity of the alternative Ot antifoulants TPBP (triphenylborane pyridine) and TPBOA (triphenylborane octadecylamine) and their degradation products on Crassostea gigas and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus were tested. The results showed that toxic effects in Crassostea gigas was higher for each antifouling biocide than that in Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Also, while the toxicity of the Organoboron antifoulants and the Ots were the same, the former’s degradation products were much less harmful. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3565272 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35652722013-03-13 Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development Tsunemasa, Noritaka Tsuboi, Ai Okamura, Hideo Int J Mol Sci Article Prohibition of Ot (organotin) compounds was introduced in Japan in 1997 and worldwide from September 2008. This meant that the production of paints containing TBT compounds was stopped and alternatives to the available Ot antifoulants had to be developed. It has been claimed that the degradation by-products of these alternative antifoulants were less toxic than those of Ot compounds. Since the introduction of the alternative antifoulants, the accumulation of these compounds has been reported in many countries. However, the toxicity of these compounds was still largely unreported. In this research, the toxicity of the alternative Ot antifoulants TPBP (triphenylborane pyridine) and TPBOA (triphenylborane octadecylamine) and their degradation products on Crassostea gigas and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus were tested. The results showed that toxic effects in Crassostea gigas was higher for each antifouling biocide than that in Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Also, while the toxicity of the Organoboron antifoulants and the Ots were the same, the former’s degradation products were much less harmful. MDPI 2012-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3565272/ /pubmed/23263671 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14010421 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tsunemasa, Noritaka Tsuboi, Ai Okamura, Hideo Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development |
title | Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development |
title_full | Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development |
title_fullStr | Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development |
title_short | Effects of Organoboron Antifoulants on Oyster and Sea Urchin Embryo Development |
title_sort | effects of organoboron antifoulants on oyster and sea urchin embryo development |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3565272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263671 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14010421 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tsunemasanoritaka effectsoforganoboronantifoulantsonoysterandseaurchinembryodevelopment AT tsuboiai effectsoforganoboronantifoulantsonoysterandseaurchinembryodevelopment AT okamurahideo effectsoforganoboronantifoulantsonoysterandseaurchinembryodevelopment |