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Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

BACKGROUND: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes control crucial traits for the metabolism of various toxins encountered by insects in host plants and the wider environment, including insecticides. The planthoppers Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera are serious specialist pests of rice thro...

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Autores principales: Zhou, Wen-Wu, Liang, Qing-Mei, Xu, Yi, Gurr, Geoff M., Bao, Yan-Yuan, Zhou, Xue-Ping, Zhang, Chuan-Xi, Cheng, Jiaan, Zhu, Zeng-Rong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3572974/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23457591
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056604
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author Zhou, Wen-Wu
Liang, Qing-Mei
Xu, Yi
Gurr, Geoff M.
Bao, Yan-Yuan
Zhou, Xue-Ping
Zhang, Chuan-Xi
Cheng, Jiaan
Zhu, Zeng-Rong
author_facet Zhou, Wen-Wu
Liang, Qing-Mei
Xu, Yi
Gurr, Geoff M.
Bao, Yan-Yuan
Zhou, Xue-Ping
Zhang, Chuan-Xi
Cheng, Jiaan
Zhu, Zeng-Rong
author_sort Zhou, Wen-Wu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes control crucial traits for the metabolism of various toxins encountered by insects in host plants and the wider environment, including insecticides. The planthoppers Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera are serious specialist pests of rice throughout eastern Asia. Their capacity to rapidly adapt to resistant rice varieties and to develop resistance to various insecticides has led to severe outbreaks over the last decade. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using the genome sequence of N. lugens, we identified for the first time the complete GST gene family of a delphacid insect whilst nine GST gene orthologs were identified from the closely related species S. furcifera. Nilaparvata lugens has 11 GST genes belonging to six cytosolic subclasses and a microsomal class, many fewer than seen in other insects with known genomes. Sigma is the largest GST subclass, and the intron–exon pattern deviates significantly from that of other species. Higher GST gene expression in the N. lugens adult migratory form reflects the higher risk of this life stage in encountering the toxins of non-host plants. After exposure to a sub-lethal dose of four insecticides, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, buprofezin or beta-cypermethrin, more GST genes were upregulated in S. furcifera than in N. lugens. RNA interference targeting two N. lugens GST genes, NlGSTe1 and NlGSTm2, significantly increased the sensitivity of fourth instar nymphs to chlorpyrifos but not to beta-cypermethrin. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides the first elucidation of the nature of the GST gene family in a delphacid species, offering new insights into the evolution of metabolic enzyme genes in insects. Further, the use of RNA interference to identify the GST genes induced by insecticides illustrates likely mechanisms for the tolerance of these insects.
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spelling pubmed-35729742013-03-01 Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) Zhou, Wen-Wu Liang, Qing-Mei Xu, Yi Gurr, Geoff M. Bao, Yan-Yuan Zhou, Xue-Ping Zhang, Chuan-Xi Cheng, Jiaan Zhu, Zeng-Rong PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes control crucial traits for the metabolism of various toxins encountered by insects in host plants and the wider environment, including insecticides. The planthoppers Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera are serious specialist pests of rice throughout eastern Asia. Their capacity to rapidly adapt to resistant rice varieties and to develop resistance to various insecticides has led to severe outbreaks over the last decade. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using the genome sequence of N. lugens, we identified for the first time the complete GST gene family of a delphacid insect whilst nine GST gene orthologs were identified from the closely related species S. furcifera. Nilaparvata lugens has 11 GST genes belonging to six cytosolic subclasses and a microsomal class, many fewer than seen in other insects with known genomes. Sigma is the largest GST subclass, and the intron–exon pattern deviates significantly from that of other species. Higher GST gene expression in the N. lugens adult migratory form reflects the higher risk of this life stage in encountering the toxins of non-host plants. After exposure to a sub-lethal dose of four insecticides, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, buprofezin or beta-cypermethrin, more GST genes were upregulated in S. furcifera than in N. lugens. RNA interference targeting two N. lugens GST genes, NlGSTe1 and NlGSTm2, significantly increased the sensitivity of fourth instar nymphs to chlorpyrifos but not to beta-cypermethrin. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides the first elucidation of the nature of the GST gene family in a delphacid species, offering new insights into the evolution of metabolic enzyme genes in insects. Further, the use of RNA interference to identify the GST genes induced by insecticides illustrates likely mechanisms for the tolerance of these insects. Public Library of Science 2013-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3572974/ /pubmed/23457591 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056604 Text en © 2013 Zhou et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Zhou, Wen-Wu
Liang, Qing-Mei
Xu, Yi
Gurr, Geoff M.
Bao, Yan-Yuan
Zhou, Xue-Ping
Zhang, Chuan-Xi
Cheng, Jiaan
Zhu, Zeng-Rong
Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
title Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
title_full Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
title_fullStr Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
title_full_unstemmed Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
title_short Genomic Insights into the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family of Two Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
title_sort genomic insights into the glutathione s-transferase gene family of two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens (stål) and sogatella furcifera (horváth) (hemiptera: delphacidae)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3572974/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23457591
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056604
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