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Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics
Introduction: Risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) is consistently associated with a history of cryptorchidism (CO) in epidemiologic studies. Factors modifying the association may provide insights regarding etiology of TGCT and suggest a basis for individualized care of CO. To identify modifie...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3574983/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23423470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2012.00182 |
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author | Banks, Kimberly Tuazon, Ellenie Berhane, Kiros Koh, Chester J. De Filippo, Roger E. Chang, Andy Kim, Steve S. Daneshmand, Siamak Davis-Dao, Carol Lewinger, Juan P. Bernstein, Leslie Cortessis, Victoria K. |
author_facet | Banks, Kimberly Tuazon, Ellenie Berhane, Kiros Koh, Chester J. De Filippo, Roger E. Chang, Andy Kim, Steve S. Daneshmand, Siamak Davis-Dao, Carol Lewinger, Juan P. Bernstein, Leslie Cortessis, Victoria K. |
author_sort | Banks, Kimberly |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction: Risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) is consistently associated with a history of cryptorchidism (CO) in epidemiologic studies. Factors modifying the association may provide insights regarding etiology of TGCT and suggest a basis for individualized care of CO. To identify modifiers of the CO-TGCT association, we conducted a comprehensive, quantitative evaluation of epidemiologic data. Materials and Methods: Human studies cited in PubMed or ISI Web of Science indices through December 2011 and selected unpublished epidemiologic data were reviewed to identify 35 articles and one unpublished dataset with high-quality data on the CO-TGCT association. Association data were extracted as point and 95% confidence interval estimates of odds ratio (OR) or standardized incidence ratio (SIR), or as tabulated data. Values were recorded for each study population, and for subgroups defined by features of study design, CO and TGCT. Extracted data were used to estimate summary risk ratios (sRR) and evaluate heterogeneity of the CO-TGCT association between subgroups. Results: The overall meta-analysis showed that history of CO is associated with four-fold increased TGCT risk [RR = 4.1(95% CI = 3.6–4.7)]. Subgroup analyses identified five determinants of stronger association: bilateral CO, unilateral CO ipsilateral to TGCT, delayed CO treatment, TGCT diagnosed before 1970, and seminoma histology. Conclusions: Modifying factors may provide insight into TGCT etiology and suggest improved approaches to managing CO. Based on available data, CO patients and their parents or caregivers should be made aware of elevated TGCT risk following orchidopexy, regardless of age at repair, unilateral vs. bilateral non-descent, or position of undescended testes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3574983 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35749832013-02-19 Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics Banks, Kimberly Tuazon, Ellenie Berhane, Kiros Koh, Chester J. De Filippo, Roger E. Chang, Andy Kim, Steve S. Daneshmand, Siamak Davis-Dao, Carol Lewinger, Juan P. Bernstein, Leslie Cortessis, Victoria K. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Introduction: Risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) is consistently associated with a history of cryptorchidism (CO) in epidemiologic studies. Factors modifying the association may provide insights regarding etiology of TGCT and suggest a basis for individualized care of CO. To identify modifiers of the CO-TGCT association, we conducted a comprehensive, quantitative evaluation of epidemiologic data. Materials and Methods: Human studies cited in PubMed or ISI Web of Science indices through December 2011 and selected unpublished epidemiologic data were reviewed to identify 35 articles and one unpublished dataset with high-quality data on the CO-TGCT association. Association data were extracted as point and 95% confidence interval estimates of odds ratio (OR) or standardized incidence ratio (SIR), or as tabulated data. Values were recorded for each study population, and for subgroups defined by features of study design, CO and TGCT. Extracted data were used to estimate summary risk ratios (sRR) and evaluate heterogeneity of the CO-TGCT association between subgroups. Results: The overall meta-analysis showed that history of CO is associated with four-fold increased TGCT risk [RR = 4.1(95% CI = 3.6–4.7)]. Subgroup analyses identified five determinants of stronger association: bilateral CO, unilateral CO ipsilateral to TGCT, delayed CO treatment, TGCT diagnosed before 1970, and seminoma histology. Conclusions: Modifying factors may provide insight into TGCT etiology and suggest improved approaches to managing CO. Based on available data, CO patients and their parents or caregivers should be made aware of elevated TGCT risk following orchidopexy, regardless of age at repair, unilateral vs. bilateral non-descent, or position of undescended testes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC3574983/ /pubmed/23423470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2012.00182 Text en Copyright © 2013 Banks, Tuazon, Berhane, Koh, De Filippo, Chang, Kim, Daneshmand, Davis-Dao, Lewinger, Bernstein and Cortessis. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology Banks, Kimberly Tuazon, Ellenie Berhane, Kiros Koh, Chester J. De Filippo, Roger E. Chang, Andy Kim, Steve S. Daneshmand, Siamak Davis-Dao, Carol Lewinger, Juan P. Bernstein, Leslie Cortessis, Victoria K. Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics |
title | Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics |
title_full | Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics |
title_fullStr | Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics |
title_full_unstemmed | Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics |
title_short | Cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics |
title_sort | cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors: comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that association between these conditions diminished over time and is modified by clinical characteristics |
topic | Endocrinology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3574983/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23423470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2012.00182 |
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