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Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish
The spontaneous emergence of pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature, often arising as a collective phenomenon from interactions among a large number of individual constituents or sub-systems. Understanding, and controlling, collective behavior is dependent on determining the low-level dynamical p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3585391/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23468605 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002915 |
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author | Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn Katz, Yael Ioannou, Christos C. Huepe, Cristián Lutz, Matthew J. Couzin, Iain D. |
author_facet | Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn Katz, Yael Ioannou, Christos C. Huepe, Cristián Lutz, Matthew J. Couzin, Iain D. |
author_sort | Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn |
collection | PubMed |
description | The spontaneous emergence of pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature, often arising as a collective phenomenon from interactions among a large number of individual constituents or sub-systems. Understanding, and controlling, collective behavior is dependent on determining the low-level dynamical principles from which spatial and temporal patterns emerge; a key question is whether different group-level patterns result from all components of a system responding to the same external factor, individual components changing behavior but in a distributed self-organized way, or whether multiple collective states co-exist for the same individual behaviors. Using schooling fish (golden shiners, in groups of 30 to 300 fish) as a model system, we demonstrate that collective motion can be effectively mapped onto a set of order parameters describing the macroscopic group structure, revealing the existence of at least three dynamically-stable collective states; swarm, milling and polarized groups. Swarms are characterized by slow individual motion and a relatively dense, disordered structure. Increasing swim speed is associated with a transition to one of two locally-ordered states, milling or highly-mobile polarized groups. The stability of the discrete collective behaviors exhibited by a group depends on the number of group members. Transitions between states are influenced by both external (boundary-driven) and internal (changing motion of group members) factors. Whereas transitions between locally-disordered and locally-ordered group states are speed dependent, analysis of local and global properties of groups suggests that, congruent with theory, milling and polarized states co-exist in a bistable regime with transitions largely driven by perturbations. Our study allows us to relate theoretical and empirical understanding of animal group behavior and emphasizes dynamic changes in the structure of such groups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3585391 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35853912013-03-06 Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn Katz, Yael Ioannou, Christos C. Huepe, Cristián Lutz, Matthew J. Couzin, Iain D. PLoS Comput Biol Research Article The spontaneous emergence of pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature, often arising as a collective phenomenon from interactions among a large number of individual constituents or sub-systems. Understanding, and controlling, collective behavior is dependent on determining the low-level dynamical principles from which spatial and temporal patterns emerge; a key question is whether different group-level patterns result from all components of a system responding to the same external factor, individual components changing behavior but in a distributed self-organized way, or whether multiple collective states co-exist for the same individual behaviors. Using schooling fish (golden shiners, in groups of 30 to 300 fish) as a model system, we demonstrate that collective motion can be effectively mapped onto a set of order parameters describing the macroscopic group structure, revealing the existence of at least three dynamically-stable collective states; swarm, milling and polarized groups. Swarms are characterized by slow individual motion and a relatively dense, disordered structure. Increasing swim speed is associated with a transition to one of two locally-ordered states, milling or highly-mobile polarized groups. The stability of the discrete collective behaviors exhibited by a group depends on the number of group members. Transitions between states are influenced by both external (boundary-driven) and internal (changing motion of group members) factors. Whereas transitions between locally-disordered and locally-ordered group states are speed dependent, analysis of local and global properties of groups suggests that, congruent with theory, milling and polarized states co-exist in a bistable regime with transitions largely driven by perturbations. Our study allows us to relate theoretical and empirical understanding of animal group behavior and emphasizes dynamic changes in the structure of such groups. Public Library of Science 2013-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3585391/ /pubmed/23468605 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002915 Text en © 2013 Tunstrom et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn Katz, Yael Ioannou, Christos C. Huepe, Cristián Lutz, Matthew J. Couzin, Iain D. Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish |
title | Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish |
title_full | Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish |
title_fullStr | Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish |
title_full_unstemmed | Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish |
title_short | Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish |
title_sort | collective states, multistability and transitional behavior in schooling fish |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3585391/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23468605 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002915 |
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