Cargando…

Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish

The spontaneous emergence of pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature, often arising as a collective phenomenon from interactions among a large number of individual constituents or sub-systems. Understanding, and controlling, collective behavior is dependent on determining the low-level dynamical p...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn, Katz, Yael, Ioannou, Christos C., Huepe, Cristián, Lutz, Matthew J., Couzin, Iain D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3585391/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23468605
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002915
_version_ 1782261162463723520
author Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn
Katz, Yael
Ioannou, Christos C.
Huepe, Cristián
Lutz, Matthew J.
Couzin, Iain D.
author_facet Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn
Katz, Yael
Ioannou, Christos C.
Huepe, Cristián
Lutz, Matthew J.
Couzin, Iain D.
author_sort Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn
collection PubMed
description The spontaneous emergence of pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature, often arising as a collective phenomenon from interactions among a large number of individual constituents or sub-systems. Understanding, and controlling, collective behavior is dependent on determining the low-level dynamical principles from which spatial and temporal patterns emerge; a key question is whether different group-level patterns result from all components of a system responding to the same external factor, individual components changing behavior but in a distributed self-organized way, or whether multiple collective states co-exist for the same individual behaviors. Using schooling fish (golden shiners, in groups of 30 to 300 fish) as a model system, we demonstrate that collective motion can be effectively mapped onto a set of order parameters describing the macroscopic group structure, revealing the existence of at least three dynamically-stable collective states; swarm, milling and polarized groups. Swarms are characterized by slow individual motion and a relatively dense, disordered structure. Increasing swim speed is associated with a transition to one of two locally-ordered states, milling or highly-mobile polarized groups. The stability of the discrete collective behaviors exhibited by a group depends on the number of group members. Transitions between states are influenced by both external (boundary-driven) and internal (changing motion of group members) factors. Whereas transitions between locally-disordered and locally-ordered group states are speed dependent, analysis of local and global properties of groups suggests that, congruent with theory, milling and polarized states co-exist in a bistable regime with transitions largely driven by perturbations. Our study allows us to relate theoretical and empirical understanding of animal group behavior and emphasizes dynamic changes in the structure of such groups.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3585391
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2013
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-35853912013-03-06 Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn Katz, Yael Ioannou, Christos C. Huepe, Cristián Lutz, Matthew J. Couzin, Iain D. PLoS Comput Biol Research Article The spontaneous emergence of pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature, often arising as a collective phenomenon from interactions among a large number of individual constituents or sub-systems. Understanding, and controlling, collective behavior is dependent on determining the low-level dynamical principles from which spatial and temporal patterns emerge; a key question is whether different group-level patterns result from all components of a system responding to the same external factor, individual components changing behavior but in a distributed self-organized way, or whether multiple collective states co-exist for the same individual behaviors. Using schooling fish (golden shiners, in groups of 30 to 300 fish) as a model system, we demonstrate that collective motion can be effectively mapped onto a set of order parameters describing the macroscopic group structure, revealing the existence of at least three dynamically-stable collective states; swarm, milling and polarized groups. Swarms are characterized by slow individual motion and a relatively dense, disordered structure. Increasing swim speed is associated with a transition to one of two locally-ordered states, milling or highly-mobile polarized groups. The stability of the discrete collective behaviors exhibited by a group depends on the number of group members. Transitions between states are influenced by both external (boundary-driven) and internal (changing motion of group members) factors. Whereas transitions between locally-disordered and locally-ordered group states are speed dependent, analysis of local and global properties of groups suggests that, congruent with theory, milling and polarized states co-exist in a bistable regime with transitions largely driven by perturbations. Our study allows us to relate theoretical and empirical understanding of animal group behavior and emphasizes dynamic changes in the structure of such groups. Public Library of Science 2013-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3585391/ /pubmed/23468605 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002915 Text en © 2013 Tunstrom et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Tunstrøm, Kolbjørn
Katz, Yael
Ioannou, Christos C.
Huepe, Cristián
Lutz, Matthew J.
Couzin, Iain D.
Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish
title Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish
title_full Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish
title_fullStr Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish
title_full_unstemmed Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish
title_short Collective States, Multistability and Transitional Behavior in Schooling Fish
title_sort collective states, multistability and transitional behavior in schooling fish
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3585391/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23468605
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002915
work_keys_str_mv AT tunstrømkolbjørn collectivestatesmultistabilityandtransitionalbehaviorinschoolingfish
AT katzyael collectivestatesmultistabilityandtransitionalbehaviorinschoolingfish
AT ioannouchristosc collectivestatesmultistabilityandtransitionalbehaviorinschoolingfish
AT huepecristian collectivestatesmultistabilityandtransitionalbehaviorinschoolingfish
AT lutzmatthewj collectivestatesmultistabilityandtransitionalbehaviorinschoolingfish
AT couziniaind collectivestatesmultistabilityandtransitionalbehaviorinschoolingfish