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Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress

Purpose: Dry eye is often characterized by increased tear evaporation due to poor tear film quality, especially of the lipid component of the tear film. Using an environmental chamber to induce environmental stress, this study compared the effect of three lubricant eye drops on various aspects of te...

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Autores principales: Tomlinson, Alan, Madden, Louise C., Simmons, Peter A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3585441/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23294168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02713683.2012.757323
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author Tomlinson, Alan
Madden, Louise C.
Simmons, Peter A.
author_facet Tomlinson, Alan
Madden, Louise C.
Simmons, Peter A.
author_sort Tomlinson, Alan
collection PubMed
description Purpose: Dry eye is often characterized by increased tear evaporation due to poor tear film quality, especially of the lipid component of the tear film. Using an environmental chamber to induce environmental stress, this study compared the effect of three lubricant eye drops on various aspects of tear physiology in a crossover design (evaporation was the principal outcome measure). Methods: Three eye drop formulas were tested: 0.5% carmellose sodium (Drop C), 0.5% carmellose sodium with added lipid (Drop C-L) and 1.0% glycerine with added lipid (Drop G-L). Nineteen control and 18 dry eye subjects used each product for 2 weeks, three times per day, in a random order, with a minimum 1-week washout between treatment periods. Tear evaporation, break up time, osmolarity, tear structure (by interferometry) and patient symptoms were assessed with the subjects adapted for 10 min in an environmental chamber controlled at 20% relative humidity and 22 °C. The treatment effects were analyzed using general linear model repeated measures analyses of variance. Results: In dry eye subjects, evaporation, break up time, osmolarity and symptoms improved for all formulas (p < 0.05). Normal subjects showed some improvements: evaporation with C-L, osmolarity with C and symptoms with C-L and G-L. Change in evaporation was greater for both C-L and G-L versus C (p < 0.05), and there was a trend for C-L to reduce evaporation more than G-L (p < 0.11). There were no significant treatment effects on tear film structure. Conclusion: Overall, the eye drop formula containing both carmellose sodium and lipid (C-L) produced a greater treatment effect on tear evaporation than the other formulations containing only one of these ingredients. This study also demonstrates the utility of a controlled environmental chamber in showing the difference in performance between dry eye treatments.
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spelling pubmed-35854412013-03-04 Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress Tomlinson, Alan Madden, Louise C. Simmons, Peter A. Curr Eye Res Original Articles Purpose: Dry eye is often characterized by increased tear evaporation due to poor tear film quality, especially of the lipid component of the tear film. Using an environmental chamber to induce environmental stress, this study compared the effect of three lubricant eye drops on various aspects of tear physiology in a crossover design (evaporation was the principal outcome measure). Methods: Three eye drop formulas were tested: 0.5% carmellose sodium (Drop C), 0.5% carmellose sodium with added lipid (Drop C-L) and 1.0% glycerine with added lipid (Drop G-L). Nineteen control and 18 dry eye subjects used each product for 2 weeks, three times per day, in a random order, with a minimum 1-week washout between treatment periods. Tear evaporation, break up time, osmolarity, tear structure (by interferometry) and patient symptoms were assessed with the subjects adapted for 10 min in an environmental chamber controlled at 20% relative humidity and 22 °C. The treatment effects were analyzed using general linear model repeated measures analyses of variance. Results: In dry eye subjects, evaporation, break up time, osmolarity and symptoms improved for all formulas (p < 0.05). Normal subjects showed some improvements: evaporation with C-L, osmolarity with C and symptoms with C-L and G-L. Change in evaporation was greater for both C-L and G-L versus C (p < 0.05), and there was a trend for C-L to reduce evaporation more than G-L (p < 0.11). There were no significant treatment effects on tear film structure. Conclusion: Overall, the eye drop formula containing both carmellose sodium and lipid (C-L) produced a greater treatment effect on tear evaporation than the other formulations containing only one of these ingredients. This study also demonstrates the utility of a controlled environmental chamber in showing the difference in performance between dry eye treatments. Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 2013-02 2013-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3585441/ /pubmed/23294168 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02713683.2012.757323 Text en © 2013 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the source is credited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Tomlinson, Alan
Madden, Louise C.
Simmons, Peter A.
Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress
title Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress
title_full Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress
title_fullStr Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress
title_short Effectiveness of Dry Eye Therapy Under Conditions of Environmental Stress
title_sort effectiveness of dry eye therapy under conditions of environmental stress
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3585441/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23294168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02713683.2012.757323
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