Cargando…

Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders

Women have a higher incidence of stress related disorders including depression and generalized anxiety disorder, and epigenetic mechanisms likely contribute to this sex difference. Evidence from preclinical research suggests that epigenetic mechanisms are responsible for both sexual dimorphism of br...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Hodes, Georgia E
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3586570/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23331332
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2042-6410-4-1
_version_ 1782261318598787072
author Hodes, Georgia E
author_facet Hodes, Georgia E
author_sort Hodes, Georgia E
collection PubMed
description Women have a higher incidence of stress related disorders including depression and generalized anxiety disorder, and epigenetic mechanisms likely contribute to this sex difference. Evidence from preclinical research suggests that epigenetic mechanisms are responsible for both sexual dimorphism of brain regions and sensitivity of the stress response. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications can occur transgenerationally, developmentally, or in response to environmental stimuli such as stress exposure. This review will provide an overview of the various forms of epigenetic modifications observed in the central nervous system and will explain how these mechanisms contribute to a sexually dimorphic brain. It will also discuss the ways in which epigenetic alterations coincide with, and functionally contribute to, the behavioral response to stress across the lifespan. Ultimately, this review will focus on novel research utilizing animal models to investigate sex differences in epigenetic mechanisms that influence susceptibility to stress. Exploration of this relationship reveals epigenetic mechanisms with the potential to explain sexual dimorphism in the occurrence of stress related disorders.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3586570
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2013
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-35865702013-03-04 Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders Hodes, Georgia E Biol Sex Differ Review Women have a higher incidence of stress related disorders including depression and generalized anxiety disorder, and epigenetic mechanisms likely contribute to this sex difference. Evidence from preclinical research suggests that epigenetic mechanisms are responsible for both sexual dimorphism of brain regions and sensitivity of the stress response. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications can occur transgenerationally, developmentally, or in response to environmental stimuli such as stress exposure. This review will provide an overview of the various forms of epigenetic modifications observed in the central nervous system and will explain how these mechanisms contribute to a sexually dimorphic brain. It will also discuss the ways in which epigenetic alterations coincide with, and functionally contribute to, the behavioral response to stress across the lifespan. Ultimately, this review will focus on novel research utilizing animal models to investigate sex differences in epigenetic mechanisms that influence susceptibility to stress. Exploration of this relationship reveals epigenetic mechanisms with the potential to explain sexual dimorphism in the occurrence of stress related disorders. BioMed Central 2013-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC3586570/ /pubmed/23331332 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2042-6410-4-1 Text en Copyright ©2013 Hodes; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Hodes, Georgia E
Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders
title Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders
title_full Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders
title_fullStr Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders
title_full_unstemmed Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders
title_short Sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders
title_sort sex, stress, and epigenetics: regulation of behavior in animal models of mood disorders
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3586570/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23331332
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2042-6410-4-1
work_keys_str_mv AT hodesgeorgiae sexstressandepigeneticsregulationofbehaviorinanimalmodelsofmooddisorders