Isolated cortical blindness without simultaneous neurological involvement in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with human immune deficiency virus infection

BACKGROUND: This is a case report of cortical blindness in a HIV-positive patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) without any other associated neurological dysfunction. FINDINGS: Young HIV-positive patient presented to us with sudden profound visual loss. On examination and further investigation, we have diagnosed cortical blindness without any other focal neurological deficit due to PML. CONCLUSION: Our case highlights the fact that PML needs to be suspected in patients with HIV, presenting with cortical blindness even without any other focal neurological defect.