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The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses

T lymphocytes from the immune system are bone marrow-derived cells whose development and activities are carefully supervised by two sets of accessory cells. In the thymus, the immature young T lymphocytes are engulfed by epithelial “nurse cells” and retained in vacuoles, where most of them (95%) are...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Reyes García, María Guadalupe, García Tamayo, Fernando
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3591132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23509712
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/352414
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author Reyes García, María Guadalupe
García Tamayo, Fernando
author_facet Reyes García, María Guadalupe
García Tamayo, Fernando
author_sort Reyes García, María Guadalupe
collection PubMed
description T lymphocytes from the immune system are bone marrow-derived cells whose development and activities are carefully supervised by two sets of accessory cells. In the thymus, the immature young T lymphocytes are engulfed by epithelial “nurse cells” and retained in vacuoles, where most of them (95%) are negatively selected and removed when they have an incomplete development or express high affinity autoreactive receptors. The mature T lymphocytes that survive to this selection process leave the thymus and are controlled in the periphery by another subpopulation of accessory cells called “regulatory cells,” which reduce any excessive immune response and the risk of collateral injuries to healthy tissues. By different times and procedures, nurse cells and regulatory cells control both the development and the functions of T lymphocyte subpopulations. Disorders in the T lymphocytes development and migration have been observed in some parasitic diseases, which disrupt the thymic microenvironment of nurse cells. In other cases, parasites stimulate rather than depress the functions of regulatory T cells decreasing T-mediated host damages. This paper is a short review regarding some features of these accessory cells and their main interactions with T immature and mature lymphocytes. The modulatory role that neurotransmitters and hormones play in these interactions is also revised.
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spelling pubmed-35911322013-03-18 The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses Reyes García, María Guadalupe García Tamayo, Fernando Biomed Res Int Review Article T lymphocytes from the immune system are bone marrow-derived cells whose development and activities are carefully supervised by two sets of accessory cells. In the thymus, the immature young T lymphocytes are engulfed by epithelial “nurse cells” and retained in vacuoles, where most of them (95%) are negatively selected and removed when they have an incomplete development or express high affinity autoreactive receptors. The mature T lymphocytes that survive to this selection process leave the thymus and are controlled in the periphery by another subpopulation of accessory cells called “regulatory cells,” which reduce any excessive immune response and the risk of collateral injuries to healthy tissues. By different times and procedures, nurse cells and regulatory cells control both the development and the functions of T lymphocyte subpopulations. Disorders in the T lymphocytes development and migration have been observed in some parasitic diseases, which disrupt the thymic microenvironment of nurse cells. In other cases, parasites stimulate rather than depress the functions of regulatory T cells decreasing T-mediated host damages. This paper is a short review regarding some features of these accessory cells and their main interactions with T immature and mature lymphocytes. The modulatory role that neurotransmitters and hormones play in these interactions is also revised. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2012-12-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3591132/ /pubmed/23509712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/352414 Text en Copyright © 2013 M. G. Reyes García and F. García Tamayo. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Reyes García, María Guadalupe
García Tamayo, Fernando
The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses
title The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses
title_full The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses
title_fullStr The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses
title_full_unstemmed The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses
title_short The Importance of the Nurse Cells and Regulatory Cells in the Control of T Lymphocyte Responses
title_sort importance of the nurse cells and regulatory cells in the control of t lymphocyte responses
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3591132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23509712
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/352414
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