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Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates

In recent years, the emergence of highly pathogenic Trypanosoma evansi strains in the Philippines has resulted in substantial losses in livestock production. In this study, we isolated T. evansi from infected-water buffaloes in the Philippines and analyzed their virulence using mice and cattle. A to...

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Autores principales: Mekata, Hirohisa, Konnai, Satoru, Mingala, Claro N., Abes, Nancy S., Gutierrez, Charito A., Dargantes, Alan P., Witola, William H., Inoue, Noboru, Onuma, Misao, Murata, Shiro, Ohashi, Kazuhiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer-Verlag 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23354941
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3297-3
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author Mekata, Hirohisa
Konnai, Satoru
Mingala, Claro N.
Abes, Nancy S.
Gutierrez, Charito A.
Dargantes, Alan P.
Witola, William H.
Inoue, Noboru
Onuma, Misao
Murata, Shiro
Ohashi, Kazuhiko
author_facet Mekata, Hirohisa
Konnai, Satoru
Mingala, Claro N.
Abes, Nancy S.
Gutierrez, Charito A.
Dargantes, Alan P.
Witola, William H.
Inoue, Noboru
Onuma, Misao
Murata, Shiro
Ohashi, Kazuhiko
author_sort Mekata, Hirohisa
collection PubMed
description In recent years, the emergence of highly pathogenic Trypanosoma evansi strains in the Philippines has resulted in substantial losses in livestock production. In this study, we isolated T. evansi from infected-water buffaloes in the Philippines and analyzed their virulence using mice and cattle. A total of 10 strains of T. evansi were isolated. Evaluation of the virulence of each strain using mice depicted significant differences among the strains in the prepatent period, the level of parasitemia, and the survival time of the infected animals. In mice infected with the highly pathogenic T. evansi, signs of excessive inflammation such as marked splenomegaly and increase more than 6-fold in the number of leukocytes were observed at 8 days post-infection. To study the virulence of the parasite strains in cattle (which are the common T. evansi hosts in Philippines), cattle were infected with the T. evansi isolates that showed high and low virulence in mice. The rate of parasite growth and the length of the prepatent periods were found to be similar to those observed in mice for the respective strains. The cattle infected with the highly pathogenic strain developed anemia and a marked decrease in leukocyte counts. To determine the cause of the pathological changes, we analyzed the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and observed up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α in anemic infected cattle. Our findings suggest that the epidemic of T. evansi in the Philippines is characterized by T. evansi strains with varying virulences from low to very high pathogenicity in cattle.
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spelling pubmed-35972852013-03-15 Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates Mekata, Hirohisa Konnai, Satoru Mingala, Claro N. Abes, Nancy S. Gutierrez, Charito A. Dargantes, Alan P. Witola, William H. Inoue, Noboru Onuma, Misao Murata, Shiro Ohashi, Kazuhiko Parasitol Res Original Paper In recent years, the emergence of highly pathogenic Trypanosoma evansi strains in the Philippines has resulted in substantial losses in livestock production. In this study, we isolated T. evansi from infected-water buffaloes in the Philippines and analyzed their virulence using mice and cattle. A total of 10 strains of T. evansi were isolated. Evaluation of the virulence of each strain using mice depicted significant differences among the strains in the prepatent period, the level of parasitemia, and the survival time of the infected animals. In mice infected with the highly pathogenic T. evansi, signs of excessive inflammation such as marked splenomegaly and increase more than 6-fold in the number of leukocytes were observed at 8 days post-infection. To study the virulence of the parasite strains in cattle (which are the common T. evansi hosts in Philippines), cattle were infected with the T. evansi isolates that showed high and low virulence in mice. The rate of parasite growth and the length of the prepatent periods were found to be similar to those observed in mice for the respective strains. The cattle infected with the highly pathogenic strain developed anemia and a marked decrease in leukocyte counts. To determine the cause of the pathological changes, we analyzed the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and observed up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α in anemic infected cattle. Our findings suggest that the epidemic of T. evansi in the Philippines is characterized by T. evansi strains with varying virulences from low to very high pathogenicity in cattle. Springer-Verlag 2013-01-25 2013 /pmc/articles/PMC3597285/ /pubmed/23354941 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3297-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/ Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Mekata, Hirohisa
Konnai, Satoru
Mingala, Claro N.
Abes, Nancy S.
Gutierrez, Charito A.
Dargantes, Alan P.
Witola, William H.
Inoue, Noboru
Onuma, Misao
Murata, Shiro
Ohashi, Kazuhiko
Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates
title Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates
title_full Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates
title_fullStr Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates
title_full_unstemmed Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates
title_short Isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of Trypanosoma evansi field isolates
title_sort isolation, cloning, and pathologic analysis of trypanosoma evansi field isolates
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23354941
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3297-3
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