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Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses
OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the feasibility and reproducibility of real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) for evaluation of cardiac volume, mass, and function and to characterize maturational changes of these measurements in human fetuses. METHODS: Eighty pregnant women in the 2(nd)...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597738/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23516490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058494 |
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author | Zheng, Minjuan Schaal, Micheal Chen, Yan Li, Xiaokui Shentu, Weihui Zhang, Pengyuan Ashraf, Muhammad Ge, Shuping Sahn, David J. |
author_facet | Zheng, Minjuan Schaal, Micheal Chen, Yan Li, Xiaokui Shentu, Weihui Zhang, Pengyuan Ashraf, Muhammad Ge, Shuping Sahn, David J. |
author_sort | Zheng, Minjuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the feasibility and reproducibility of real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) for evaluation of cardiac volume, mass, and function and to characterize maturational changes of these measurements in human fetuses. METHODS: Eighty pregnant women in the 2(nd) and 3(rd) trimesters (59 with normal fetuses and 21 with fetuses with congenital heart disease [CHD]) were enrolled. We acquired RT3DE images using a matrix-array transducer. RT3DE measurements of volume, mass, stroke volume (SV), combined cardiac output (CCO), and ejection fraction (EF) were obtained. Images were scored and analyzed by two blinded independent observers. Inter- and intraobserver variabilities and correlations between fetal cardiac indices and gestational age were determined. RESULTS: Fifty-two of 59 normal data sets (88%) and 9 of 21 CHD data sets (43%) were feasible for analysis. In normal fetuses, the right ventricle (RV) is larger than the left ventricle (LV) (P<0.05), but no difference exists between the LV and RV in mass, SV, CO, and CO/CCO. The EFs for the LV and RV were diminished; the RVSV/LVSV was reduced in CHD fetuses compared with normal fetuses (P<0.05). Fetal ventricular volumes, mass, SV, and CCO fit best into exponential curves with gestational age, but LVEF, RVEF, and RVSV/LVSV remain relatively constant. CONCLUSIONS: RT3DE is feasible and reproducible for assessment of LV and RV volume, mass, and function, especially in normal fetuses. Gestational growth of these measures, except for EF, is exponential in normal and CHD fetuses. CHD fetuses exhibit diminished LV and RV EFs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3597738 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-35977382013-03-20 Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses Zheng, Minjuan Schaal, Micheal Chen, Yan Li, Xiaokui Shentu, Weihui Zhang, Pengyuan Ashraf, Muhammad Ge, Shuping Sahn, David J. PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the feasibility and reproducibility of real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) for evaluation of cardiac volume, mass, and function and to characterize maturational changes of these measurements in human fetuses. METHODS: Eighty pregnant women in the 2(nd) and 3(rd) trimesters (59 with normal fetuses and 21 with fetuses with congenital heart disease [CHD]) were enrolled. We acquired RT3DE images using a matrix-array transducer. RT3DE measurements of volume, mass, stroke volume (SV), combined cardiac output (CCO), and ejection fraction (EF) were obtained. Images were scored and analyzed by two blinded independent observers. Inter- and intraobserver variabilities and correlations between fetal cardiac indices and gestational age were determined. RESULTS: Fifty-two of 59 normal data sets (88%) and 9 of 21 CHD data sets (43%) were feasible for analysis. In normal fetuses, the right ventricle (RV) is larger than the left ventricle (LV) (P<0.05), but no difference exists between the LV and RV in mass, SV, CO, and CO/CCO. The EFs for the LV and RV were diminished; the RVSV/LVSV was reduced in CHD fetuses compared with normal fetuses (P<0.05). Fetal ventricular volumes, mass, SV, and CCO fit best into exponential curves with gestational age, but LVEF, RVEF, and RVSV/LVSV remain relatively constant. CONCLUSIONS: RT3DE is feasible and reproducible for assessment of LV and RV volume, mass, and function, especially in normal fetuses. Gestational growth of these measures, except for EF, is exponential in normal and CHD fetuses. CHD fetuses exhibit diminished LV and RV EFs. Public Library of Science 2013-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3597738/ /pubmed/23516490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058494 Text en © 2013 Zheng et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zheng, Minjuan Schaal, Micheal Chen, Yan Li, Xiaokui Shentu, Weihui Zhang, Pengyuan Ashraf, Muhammad Ge, Shuping Sahn, David J. Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses |
title | Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses |
title_full | Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses |
title_fullStr | Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses |
title_full_unstemmed | Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses |
title_short | Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Volume, Mass, and Function in Human Fetuses |
title_sort | real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of ventricular volume, mass, and function in human fetuses |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597738/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23516490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058494 |
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