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How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds
Biological competition is widely believed to result in the evolution of selfish preferences. The related concept of the ‘homo economicus’ is at the core of mainstream economics. However, there is also experimental and empirical evidence for other-regarding preferences. Here we present a theory that...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3601368/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23508001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep01480 |
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author | Grund, Thomas Waloszek, Christian Helbing, Dirk |
author_facet | Grund, Thomas Waloszek, Christian Helbing, Dirk |
author_sort | Grund, Thomas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Biological competition is widely believed to result in the evolution of selfish preferences. The related concept of the ‘homo economicus’ is at the core of mainstream economics. However, there is also experimental and empirical evidence for other-regarding preferences. Here we present a theory that explains both, self-regarding and other-regarding preferences. Assuming conditions promoting non-cooperative behaviour, we demonstrate that intergenerational migration determines whether evolutionary competition results in a ‘homo economicus’ (showing self-regarding preferences) or a ‘homo socialis’ (having other-regarding preferences). Our model assumes spatially interacting agents playing prisoner's dilemmas, who inherit a trait determining ‘friendliness’, but mutations tend to undermine it. Reproduction is ruled by fitness-based selection without a cultural modification of reproduction rates. Our model calls for a complementary economic theory for ‘networked minds’ (the ‘homo socialis’) and lays the foundations for an evolutionarily grounded theory of other-regarding agents, explaining individually different utility functions as well as conditional cooperation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3601368 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36013682013-03-19 How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds Grund, Thomas Waloszek, Christian Helbing, Dirk Sci Rep Article Biological competition is widely believed to result in the evolution of selfish preferences. The related concept of the ‘homo economicus’ is at the core of mainstream economics. However, there is also experimental and empirical evidence for other-regarding preferences. Here we present a theory that explains both, self-regarding and other-regarding preferences. Assuming conditions promoting non-cooperative behaviour, we demonstrate that intergenerational migration determines whether evolutionary competition results in a ‘homo economicus’ (showing self-regarding preferences) or a ‘homo socialis’ (having other-regarding preferences). Our model assumes spatially interacting agents playing prisoner's dilemmas, who inherit a trait determining ‘friendliness’, but mutations tend to undermine it. Reproduction is ruled by fitness-based selection without a cultural modification of reproduction rates. Our model calls for a complementary economic theory for ‘networked minds’ (the ‘homo socialis’) and lays the foundations for an evolutionarily grounded theory of other-regarding agents, explaining individually different utility functions as well as conditional cooperation. Nature Publishing Group 2013-03-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3601368/ /pubmed/23508001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep01480 Text en Copyright © 2013, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Grund, Thomas Waloszek, Christian Helbing, Dirk How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds |
title | How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds |
title_full | How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds |
title_fullStr | How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds |
title_full_unstemmed | How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds |
title_short | How Natural Selection Can Create Both Self- and Other-Regarding Preferences, and Networked Minds |
title_sort | how natural selection can create both self- and other-regarding preferences, and networked minds |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3601368/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23508001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep01480 |
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