Cargando…
Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology
BACKGROUND: Few data exist on viral and bacterial etiology of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in ≥5 year –old persons in the tropics. METHODS: We conducted active surveillance of community-acquired ALRI in two hospitals in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country. Patients were tested for a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2013
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3606325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23432906 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-97 |
_version_ | 1782263986298814464 |
---|---|
author | Vong, Sirenda Guillard, Bertrand Borand, Laurence Rammaert, Blandine Goyet, Sophie Te, Vantha Lorn Try, Patrich Hem, Sopheak Rith, Sareth Ly, Sowath Cavailler, Philippe Mayaud, Charles Buchy, Philippe |
author_facet | Vong, Sirenda Guillard, Bertrand Borand, Laurence Rammaert, Blandine Goyet, Sophie Te, Vantha Lorn Try, Patrich Hem, Sopheak Rith, Sareth Ly, Sowath Cavailler, Philippe Mayaud, Charles Buchy, Philippe |
author_sort | Vong, Sirenda |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Few data exist on viral and bacterial etiology of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in ≥5 year –old persons in the tropics. METHODS: We conducted active surveillance of community-acquired ALRI in two hospitals in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country. Patients were tested for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) by direct sputum examination, other bacteria by blood and/or sputum cultures, and respiratory viruses using molecular techniques on nasopharyngeal/throat swabs. Pulmonologists reviewed clinical/laboratory data and interpreted chest X-rays (CXR) to confirm ALRI. RESULTS: Between April 2007 - December 2009, 1,904 patients aged ≥5 years were admitted with acute pneumonia (50.4%), lung sequelae-associated ALRI (24.3%), isolated pleural effusions (8.9%) or normal CXR-related ALRI (17.1%); 61 (3.2%) died during hospitalization. The two former diagnoses were predominantly due to bacterial etiologies while viral detection was more frequent in the two latter diagnoses. AFB-positive accounted for 25.6% of acute pneumonia. Of the positive cultures (16.8%), abscess-prone Gram-negative bacteria (39.6%) and Haemophilus influenzae (38.0%) were most frequent, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (17.7%). Of the identified viruses, the three most common viruses included rhinoviruses (49.5%), respiratory syncytial virus (17.7%) and influenza viruses (12.1%) regardless of the diagnostic groups. Wheezing was associated with viral identification (31.9% vs. 13.8%, p < 0.001) independent of age and time-to-admission. CONCLUSIONS: High frequency of H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae infections support the need for introduction of the respective vaccines in the national immunization program. Tuberculosis was frequent in patients with acute pneumonia, requiring further investigation. The relationship between respiratory viruses and wheezing merits further studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3606325 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36063252013-03-23 Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology Vong, Sirenda Guillard, Bertrand Borand, Laurence Rammaert, Blandine Goyet, Sophie Te, Vantha Lorn Try, Patrich Hem, Sopheak Rith, Sareth Ly, Sowath Cavailler, Philippe Mayaud, Charles Buchy, Philippe BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Few data exist on viral and bacterial etiology of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in ≥5 year –old persons in the tropics. METHODS: We conducted active surveillance of community-acquired ALRI in two hospitals in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country. Patients were tested for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) by direct sputum examination, other bacteria by blood and/or sputum cultures, and respiratory viruses using molecular techniques on nasopharyngeal/throat swabs. Pulmonologists reviewed clinical/laboratory data and interpreted chest X-rays (CXR) to confirm ALRI. RESULTS: Between April 2007 - December 2009, 1,904 patients aged ≥5 years were admitted with acute pneumonia (50.4%), lung sequelae-associated ALRI (24.3%), isolated pleural effusions (8.9%) or normal CXR-related ALRI (17.1%); 61 (3.2%) died during hospitalization. The two former diagnoses were predominantly due to bacterial etiologies while viral detection was more frequent in the two latter diagnoses. AFB-positive accounted for 25.6% of acute pneumonia. Of the positive cultures (16.8%), abscess-prone Gram-negative bacteria (39.6%) and Haemophilus influenzae (38.0%) were most frequent, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (17.7%). Of the identified viruses, the three most common viruses included rhinoviruses (49.5%), respiratory syncytial virus (17.7%) and influenza viruses (12.1%) regardless of the diagnostic groups. Wheezing was associated with viral identification (31.9% vs. 13.8%, p < 0.001) independent of age and time-to-admission. CONCLUSIONS: High frequency of H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae infections support the need for introduction of the respective vaccines in the national immunization program. Tuberculosis was frequent in patients with acute pneumonia, requiring further investigation. The relationship between respiratory viruses and wheezing merits further studies. BioMed Central 2013-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3606325/ /pubmed/23432906 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-97 Text en Copyright ©2013 Vong et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Vong, Sirenda Guillard, Bertrand Borand, Laurence Rammaert, Blandine Goyet, Sophie Te, Vantha Lorn Try, Patrich Hem, Sopheak Rith, Sareth Ly, Sowath Cavailler, Philippe Mayaud, Charles Buchy, Philippe Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology |
title | Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology |
title_full | Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology |
title_fullStr | Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology |
title_full_unstemmed | Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology |
title_short | Acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in Cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology |
title_sort | acute lower respiratory infections in ≥5 year -old hospitalized patients in cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3606325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23432906 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-97 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT vongsirenda acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT guillardbertrand acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT borandlaurence acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT rammaertblandine acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT goyetsophie acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT tevantha acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT lorntrypatrich acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT hemsopheak acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT rithsareth acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT lysowath acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT cavaillerphilippe acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT mayaudcharles acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology AT buchyphilippe acutelowerrespiratoryinfectionsin5yearoldhospitalizedpatientsincambodiaalowincometropicalcountryclinicalcharacteristicsandpathogenicetiology |