Cargando…

A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: Lack of sanitation facilities is a serious health risk and obliges people to practice open defecation, thereby increasing the risk of disease transmission. The aim of this study was to assess latrine coverage and the associated factors among the rural communities in district of Bahir Dar...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Awoke, Worku, Muche, Semahegn
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3606841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23374236
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-99
_version_ 1782264065192624128
author Awoke, Worku
Muche, Semahegn
author_facet Awoke, Worku
Muche, Semahegn
author_sort Awoke, Worku
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Lack of sanitation facilities is a serious health risk and obliges people to practice open defecation, thereby increasing the risk of disease transmission. The aim of this study was to assess latrine coverage and the associated factors among the rural communities in district of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 608 households in district of Bahir Dar Zuria. First, the district was stratified based on the distance from Bahir Dar city. Then, ten kebeles (the smallest administrative units) were selected from the 32 rural kebeles in the district. After the kebeles had been identified, the households were selected by systematic sampling method using existing list of all households as a sampling frame. Intervals (K(th))) for selecting households were determined by dividing the number of households with the sample size allocated for each kebele. After determining the K(th) interval, the first household was selected randomly. The next households were identified systematically onwards by adding cumulatively K(th) intervals to the first selected household .Data were collected by means of a pretested, standardized questionnaire and observation checklist. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16. RESULTS: Of the 608 households, 355 (58.4%) had pit latrines and only 220 (62.0%) were functional (providing services during data collection). One hundred eighty seven (52.7%) had been constructed two or more years prior to the time of the study and 202 (56.9%) latrines required maintenance. The availability of latrines was twice higher in households with an income of 5000 or more Ethiopian Birr (1USD = 17.5 Ethiopian Birr) per year (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–2.27) than those who hand an income less than 5000 Birr per year; the availability of latrines was twofold higher in households visited by health professional at least three times a month (AOR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.33–3.93) than those that received no visits. The latrine coverage was about two times higher in households that were less than 30 minutes walk from a health institution (AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.11–2.22) than households that were over 30 minutes walk. The latrine coverage was lower in households located in distant areas (AOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36-0.77) than in households closer to the city. CONCLUSIONS: Latrine coverage in District of Bahir Dar Zuria was far from the national target of 100%. The availability of latrines was affected by income level, frequency of visits by health workers, walking time from local health institutions, and distance from Bahir Dar. Therefore, it is recommended that the frequency of supportive visits be increased and that special attention be given to households in inaccessible areas.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3606841
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2013
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-36068412013-03-25 A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia Awoke, Worku Muche, Semahegn BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Lack of sanitation facilities is a serious health risk and obliges people to practice open defecation, thereby increasing the risk of disease transmission. The aim of this study was to assess latrine coverage and the associated factors among the rural communities in district of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 608 households in district of Bahir Dar Zuria. First, the district was stratified based on the distance from Bahir Dar city. Then, ten kebeles (the smallest administrative units) were selected from the 32 rural kebeles in the district. After the kebeles had been identified, the households were selected by systematic sampling method using existing list of all households as a sampling frame. Intervals (K(th))) for selecting households were determined by dividing the number of households with the sample size allocated for each kebele. After determining the K(th) interval, the first household was selected randomly. The next households were identified systematically onwards by adding cumulatively K(th) intervals to the first selected household .Data were collected by means of a pretested, standardized questionnaire and observation checklist. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16. RESULTS: Of the 608 households, 355 (58.4%) had pit latrines and only 220 (62.0%) were functional (providing services during data collection). One hundred eighty seven (52.7%) had been constructed two or more years prior to the time of the study and 202 (56.9%) latrines required maintenance. The availability of latrines was twice higher in households with an income of 5000 or more Ethiopian Birr (1USD = 17.5 Ethiopian Birr) per year (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–2.27) than those who hand an income less than 5000 Birr per year; the availability of latrines was twofold higher in households visited by health professional at least three times a month (AOR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.33–3.93) than those that received no visits. The latrine coverage was about two times higher in households that were less than 30 minutes walk from a health institution (AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.11–2.22) than households that were over 30 minutes walk. The latrine coverage was lower in households located in distant areas (AOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36-0.77) than in households closer to the city. CONCLUSIONS: Latrine coverage in District of Bahir Dar Zuria was far from the national target of 100%. The availability of latrines was affected by income level, frequency of visits by health workers, walking time from local health institutions, and distance from Bahir Dar. Therefore, it is recommended that the frequency of supportive visits be increased and that special attention be given to households in inaccessible areas. BioMed Central 2013-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3606841/ /pubmed/23374236 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-99 Text en Copyright ©2013 Awoke and Muche; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Awoke, Worku
Muche, Semahegn
A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia
title A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia
title_full A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia
title_fullStr A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia
title_short A cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the District of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia
title_sort cross sectional study: latrine coverage and associated factors among rural communities in the district of bahir dar zuria, ethiopia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3606841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23374236
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-99
work_keys_str_mv AT awokeworku acrosssectionalstudylatrinecoverageandassociatedfactorsamongruralcommunitiesinthedistrictofbahirdarzuriaethiopia
AT muchesemahegn acrosssectionalstudylatrinecoverageandassociatedfactorsamongruralcommunitiesinthedistrictofbahirdarzuriaethiopia
AT awokeworku crosssectionalstudylatrinecoverageandassociatedfactorsamongruralcommunitiesinthedistrictofbahirdarzuriaethiopia
AT muchesemahegn crosssectionalstudylatrinecoverageandassociatedfactorsamongruralcommunitiesinthedistrictofbahirdarzuriaethiopia