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Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain

Objective. When exploring the scientific basis of reflexology techniques, elucidation of the surface and subsurface features of reflexology areas (RAs) is crucial. In this study, the subcutaneous features of RAs related to the lumbar vertebrae were evaluated by swept source-optical coherence tomogra...

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Autores principales: Dalal, Krishna, Elanchezhiyan, D., Das, Raunak, Dalal, Devjyoti, Pandey, Ravindra Mohan, Chatterjee, Subhamoy, Upadhyay, Ashish Datt, Maran, V. Bharathi, Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608122/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23662156
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/983769
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author Dalal, Krishna
Elanchezhiyan, D.
Das, Raunak
Dalal, Devjyoti
Pandey, Ravindra Mohan
Chatterjee, Subhamoy
Upadhyay, Ashish Datt
Maran, V. Bharathi
Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy
author_facet Dalal, Krishna
Elanchezhiyan, D.
Das, Raunak
Dalal, Devjyoti
Pandey, Ravindra Mohan
Chatterjee, Subhamoy
Upadhyay, Ashish Datt
Maran, V. Bharathi
Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy
author_sort Dalal, Krishna
collection PubMed
description Objective. When exploring the scientific basis of reflexology techniques, elucidation of the surface and subsurface features of reflexology areas (RAs) is crucial. In this study, the subcutaneous features of RAs related to the lumbar vertebrae were evaluated by swept source-optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in subjects with and without low back pain (LBP). Methods. Volunteers without LBP (n = 6 (male : female = 1 : 1)) and subjects with LBP (n = 15 (male : female = 2 : 3)) were clinically examined in terms of skin colour (visual perception), localised tenderness (visual analogue scale) and structural as well as optical attributes as per SS-OCT. From each subject, 6 optical tomograms were recorded from equidistant transverse planes along the longitudinal axis of the RAs, and from each tomogram, 25 different spatial locations were considered for recording SS-OCT image attributes. The images were analysed with respect to the optical intensity distributions and thicknesses of different skin layers by using AxioVision Rel. 4.8.2 software. The SS-OCT images could be categorised into 4 pathological grades (i.e., 0, 1, 2, and 3) according to distinctness in the visible skin layers. Results. Three specific grades for abnormalities in SS-OCT images were identified considering gradual loss of distinctness and increase in luminosity of skin layers. Almost 90.05% subjects were of mixed type having predominance in certain grades. Conclusion. The skin SS-OCT system demonstrated a definite association of the surface features of healthy/unhealthy RAs with cutaneous features and the clinical status of the lumbar vertebrae.
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spelling pubmed-36081222013-05-09 Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain Dalal, Krishna Elanchezhiyan, D. Das, Raunak Dalal, Devjyoti Pandey, Ravindra Mohan Chatterjee, Subhamoy Upadhyay, Ashish Datt Maran, V. Bharathi Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Research Article Objective. When exploring the scientific basis of reflexology techniques, elucidation of the surface and subsurface features of reflexology areas (RAs) is crucial. In this study, the subcutaneous features of RAs related to the lumbar vertebrae were evaluated by swept source-optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in subjects with and without low back pain (LBP). Methods. Volunteers without LBP (n = 6 (male : female = 1 : 1)) and subjects with LBP (n = 15 (male : female = 2 : 3)) were clinically examined in terms of skin colour (visual perception), localised tenderness (visual analogue scale) and structural as well as optical attributes as per SS-OCT. From each subject, 6 optical tomograms were recorded from equidistant transverse planes along the longitudinal axis of the RAs, and from each tomogram, 25 different spatial locations were considered for recording SS-OCT image attributes. The images were analysed with respect to the optical intensity distributions and thicknesses of different skin layers by using AxioVision Rel. 4.8.2 software. The SS-OCT images could be categorised into 4 pathological grades (i.e., 0, 1, 2, and 3) according to distinctness in the visible skin layers. Results. Three specific grades for abnormalities in SS-OCT images were identified considering gradual loss of distinctness and increase in luminosity of skin layers. Almost 90.05% subjects were of mixed type having predominance in certain grades. Conclusion. The skin SS-OCT system demonstrated a definite association of the surface features of healthy/unhealthy RAs with cutaneous features and the clinical status of the lumbar vertebrae. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3608122/ /pubmed/23662156 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/983769 Text en Copyright © 2013 Krishna Dalal et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dalal, Krishna
Elanchezhiyan, D.
Das, Raunak
Dalal, Devjyoti
Pandey, Ravindra Mohan
Chatterjee, Subhamoy
Upadhyay, Ashish Datt
Maran, V. Bharathi
Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy
Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain
title Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain
title_full Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain
title_fullStr Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain
title_full_unstemmed Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain
title_short Noninvasive Characterisation of Foot Reflexology Areas by Swept Source-Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Low Back Pain
title_sort noninvasive characterisation of foot reflexology areas by swept source-optical coherence tomography in patients with low back pain
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608122/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23662156
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/983769
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